This paper presents the results of our investigation of code positioning techniques using execution profile data as input into the compilation process. The primary objective of the positioning is to reduce the overhead of the instruction memory hierarchy.

While software testing is necessary for the production of quality products, it is generally one of the least efficient steps in the software development process. Testing typically consumes over 50 percent of the development effort. Software testing is thought of as an art and not a science, and artistic approaches to testing propagate the thinking. The complex test systems, complex program implementations, seemingly unrelated requirements and design information, and the complex system interactions all come to haunt and confuse the poor software developer when it comes time to certify the product is correct. In this document the authors have attempted to step back from all of these program intricacies and define what it means to test software programs. The authors then define a cause and effect testing methodology that integrates itself into the overall software development technique. Promising results are described from two development efforts that have used this approach for software testing.

Many facets of the transportation picture have not been coordinated into a single interdependent model even though the long-range planning efforts of transportation systems could benefit from such an effort. The many aspects of transportation-related problems make coordinated approaches important to a critical examination of these problems. Four major sectors of the transportation ecology require this coordination effort: the transportation system design sector, the economic sector, the environmental sector, and the energy supply sector. Currently there is a growing base of crises in each of these sectors of the transportation ecology. This paper puts forth a conceptual foundation for a general transportation ecology model (a model representing the functional environment of transportation systems). The empirical and theoretical considerations necessary for the foundations, as well as the expectations of the model concept, are explored.