Edge-Cloud Computing Industrial Internet of Things (ECIIoT) is composed of edge and cloud nodes with Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) devices to get the service function chain (SFC). The service function chaining placement refers to a series of virtual network functions (VNFs) that are run at edge or cloud nodes in the form of software instances. In the problem of ECIIoT service embedding, the multiple VNFs must be placed for IIoT devices, so how these virtual functions are placed at cloud or edge nodes to minimize the delay is challenging to achieve. In this article, the placement of virtual functions with considering the edge and cloud nodes is proposed. In our model, the cloud server with edge nodes can run the required functions of IIoT devices in the SFC to decrease the imposed delay and use the computation resource in an efficient way. This is formed as an optimization problem to minimize the delay and residual computing resource consumption and reuse the previous functions. The exact solution of this problem is not available in polynomial time, therefore an efficient approximation algorithm is proposed which solves the problem in three stages. First, it linearizes the nonlinear objective function and constraint and approximates them by the convexity of these functions. Then, it solves the relaxed linear problem and finally, it rounds the decision variables in a heuristic way. This solution not only has polynomial time computational complexity but also obtains the near-optimal solution. The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of this approach.

Congestion control has a vital role in the prosperity of any network. Thus, designing an effective mechanism for congestion control of the NDN is an active research area. In NDN, congestion control and interest forwarding mechanisms are usually considered an integrated plane for the network traffic management. In this paper, we propose to decouple the forwarding and congestion control planes. We offer a novel architecture for the NDN router in which congestion control and forwarding modules cooperate for interest flow management and congestion control. Based on this framework, we introduce a new explicit feedback-based congestion control protocol (3CP) for managing the consumers’ sending rate in an NDN environment that multi-source and multi-path content delivery is intrinsically supported. 3CP employs a new per-packet feedback computation to inform consumers from the available resource of paths toward repositories. Also, it provides feedback to the forwarding mechanism of a router for adjusting the sending rate of interest packets to each interface. By interest flow management, 3CP controls the traffic of data packets in the network. As a significant achievement, 3CP prevents multi-path flows from acquiring more network resources and could manage fair resource allocation to the flows in each path, whereas the consumers obtain the same throughput. The packet-level simulation was conducted by an NDN simulator, and the results confirmed that 3CP outperforms the existing multi-source/multi-path congestion control mechanisms in NDN.