Long-term behaviour change for adolescents plays an important role in improving the adolescent's future health. However, long-term behaviour changes are rarely sustained. This study aims to inform human-computer interaction researchers of the current state of research regarding the designing of technology-enabled interventions for sustaining behaviour change for adolescents, as well as provide recommendations for future research directions. Through a scoping review, 22 interventions were identified and analysed to report the behaviour change strategies, characteristics, levels of influence, and formats of technology used, as well as the frameworks used to develop these interventions. Based on the review's findings, three research gaps were identified: (1) the exploration of approaches to restructuring the environment; (2) the exploration of the effects of varying levels of social interactivity between people; and (3) the development of frameworks for building interventions.

Previous work in HCI about personal informatics and behavior change suggests that representing data in intuitive metaphors and meaningful stories on glace-able displays should be considered to complement typical data visualization for daily user reflection and understanding. Informed by insights from social psychology, providing information regarding one's behavior (i.e., feedback) should (1) link behavioral data to positively or negatively valued outcomes; (2) show changes in the outcomes over time; and (3) include measures for pursuing different outcomes. Grounded in metaphor and blending theories from embodied cognition, we suggest metaphorically mapping less intuitive behavior-outcome links with more direct cause-effect relations from seemingly unrelated yet familiar domains. A behavior and a comparable scenario are cognitively compressed into an "animated parable". This paper describes the theoretical framework and design guidelines, and reports the development of a blended concept, "incingarette" (cigarette and incinerator), and its prototype. The work-in-progress informs updates on design recommendations.

With increasingly pervasive integration of technologies in everyday life, more data are generated around individuals' behaviors. Some of these data are accessible to individuals for reflection yet mostly presented in numbers or graphs, or represented by common metaphorical items, like virtual badges. Grounded in embodied cognition theories including conceptual metaphor and blending, and insights from social psychology, the idea of "blended causality" argues that behavioral data should be represented in virtual terms through blending behavioral consequences with users' existing knowledge of comparable causality. This paper emphasizes elaboration of blended causality into multiple imaginative narratives for reflective user experiences and reports the application of the extended guidelines as a creative design support tool in a series of workshops for designing representations of behavioral data. The concepts developed from the workshops vary in topics and blends, showing the effectiveness of the tool and informing a language of blended causality. Designers can use it to delineate representational mappings in terms of embodied experiences for examination and communication with team members like engineers.

This paper describes the ongoing project Swing Compass, a configurable recommendation system whose framework is built upon the notion of embodied interaction and blending theory in pursuit of meaning making in users from the operational to the reflective levels. The framework, named "liveliness", is summarized as a protocol of cognitive processes and the methodology includes interpretive analyses, experience prototyping, and user participation. The first instance of Swing Compass is a handheld personal device, which analogically maps recommended items based on intrinsic properties to directions on the compass rose. The second instance is a table-sized public installation, which explores to map out recommendations with their physical locations. Swing Compass is lively in that the recommendations change over time to avoid selection bias. The design challenges span from human scales, perceived affordances, to perception and interpretation of changes. The empirical findings provide real and particular samples for the protocol and inform specific design guidelines for future development.

Grounded in cognitive semantics in cognitive science and the psychology of emotion, this paper first theoretically articulates the imaginative and affective user experiences of lively interactive artifacts. It then introduces an exemplar of lively interactive products, the mobile phone NEC FOMA N702iS with an intriguing water-level screen interface. Built upon the concept of a glass of water, the design of the phone can provoke users’ imagination and emotion regarding resource consumption and conservation, persuading one to take action. To collect empirical data as cross-references to the theoretical framework, user experience tests on an implementation of the interface have been conducted. The qualitative findings show how the interactions at different moments provoke participants via conceptual blends, desires, and appraisals. This demonstrates the application of the proposed framework for interpreting users’ meaning-making and emotion elicitation processes.

This paper provides an interdisciplinary reflection on the nature meaning-making involving users and animated gestural interfaces. In particular, we propose a new model for analysis of creative computing systems incorporating gestural input into dynamically animated interfaces. Our contributions are based on a theoretical framework synthesizing embodied cognition approaches in cognitive science, phenomenology in philosophy, and user interface design in computing. We introduce the term enduring interaction to refer to the phenomenon of bodily and conceptually engaging interaction within constantly changing computational environments. Our construct centralizes the issue of how users' motor-sensory experiences inform their construction of meaning in the design of interactive systems. We argue that creative computing systems, a class of artifacts including types of hobbyist websites, video games, and computer-based artworks, require a new design perspective quite distinct from user-centric interface design approaches focused on productivity-oriented applications. Using examples including outcomes of the Gestural Narrative and Interactive Expression (GeNIE) project (Harrell, PI; Chow and Erik Loyer collaborators) along with existing prevalent, exceptional, or historically significant artifacts, we articulate a continuum of various kinds of engagement, showing design implications of our perspective, enabling users to use gestural interaction (through multi-touch and gyroscope/accelerometer-based input devices) to result in narratively salient, evocative, and even intimate interaction mechanisms in interactive narrative environments.