This study investigates the classification of two prominent movement disorders: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and Essential Tremor (ET) using a comprehensive machine learning framework. A novel dataset was meticulously created which contains handwriting samples collected at Habib Bourguiba Hospital in Sfax, Tunisia, specifically designed for differentiating between PD and ET. Preprocessing techniques such as image resizing, normalization, and data augmentation were employed to enhance robustness. Feature extraction was performed using the ResNet50 model, effectively capturing essential image characteristics through global average pooling. Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) was then applied to identify the most significant features, followed by the training and validation of two classification models Random Forest and SVM using these selected features. The performance of these models is rigorously assessed through various metrics, revealing that the Random Forest model attained an accuracy of $92.83 \% \pm 2$, while the SVM model achieved an average accuracy of $94.66 \% \pm 1$. Visualizations such as confusion matrices and ROC curves provide deeper insights into model performance. Overall, the findings demonstrate the potential of machine learning techniques to enhance diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing between PD and ET, ultimately contributing to improved clinical decision-making.

Contactless fingerprint authentication has gained popularity as a field of research in biometrics in recent years. Unlike traditional fingerprint recognition systems that require direct contact of the person’s finger with the sensor, contactless fingerprint systems offer several advantages, among them ease of capture and cost-effectiveness. Despite the progress made in this field, poor contrast, background noise, and limited image information continue to pose difficulties for fingerprint recognition in contactless environments. Furthermore, the number of images in published fingerprint biometric datasets for each person is restricted, and there is insufficient data for efficient training. Nevertheless, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures have been widely used, necessitating large databases. To address these issues, this paper introduces a Siamese network designed for the purpose of identity Verification, using the contactless thumb fingerprint modality to enhance recognition results. The Siamese network is able to extract pertinent features from noisy images with low contrast and limited information, even if they have limited information and low contrast. Additionally, this work proposes the use of the contactless thumb fingerprint modality instead of the contactless index fingerprint modality, which is more commonly used in related works. Consequently, the Mobile FingerPrint (MFP) dataset is introduced and constructed for evaluation. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method, achieving an accuracy of 98.68% for thumb fingerprint Verification.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common and progressive neurodegenerative disorder with motor symptoms and a variety of non-motor symptoms. Experts regularly include handwriting as one of the Parkinsonian motor symptoms of PD and as a valuable tool that can aid in diagnosing and tracking the disease’s progression. PD patients have two periods. ‘On’ time is when levodopa is working well and your symptoms are controlled. ‘Off’ time is when levodopa is no longer working well and symptoms such as tremor, rigidity and slow movement re-emerge. To our knowledge, all existing publicly available datasets allow PD to be identified using only one period. No publicly available online handwriting datasets are dedicated to the analysis of PD using these two periods. Therefore, in this paper, we present our new online Arabic handwriting dataset for analysing PD, which we will make publicly available so that it could potentially be used for diagnosis, screening and monitoring the progression of PD. Our dataset was collected from 30 healthy controls and 30 PD patients in both “off” and “on” at the Neurology Department, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. All participants performed five different handwriting tasks. The tasks included drawing repetitive ellipses, a spiral, repetitive digits and Arabic word writing. We hope that our new dataset will help researchers in the early detection of Parkinson’s disease, inpatient rehabilitation and quantification of therapeutic effects.

Facial Expressions Recognition (FER) has become an active area of research. To accomplish emotion recognition, several of machine learning algorithms have been employed. However, these models require a significant amount of data, a large training memory and an important time for training. This paper presents a Facial Expression Recognition method based on ArcFace features and TinySiamese network to solve these problems. The proposed method consists of two parts: the first part is for feature extraction and the second is for feature recognition. In the first part, a feature extractor was used to extract features from the embedded image. The feature extractor was based on a ResNet-50 network and ArcFace loss function. In the second part, the TinySiamese network was used for feature classification and verification. The proposed method was evaluated on three popular datasets: FER2013, RAF-DS, and ExpW. The experimental part shows that the proposed method achieved competitive results compared to related works with classification rates equal to 60.43%, 85.14%, 65.13% and verification rates equal to 73.31%, 84.29%, 76.08% on the FER2013, RAF-DS and ExpW datasets respectively.

People can be recognized by a lot of unique biometric features either physiological or behavioral. Therefore, a biometric security method for a smartphone is proposed in this paper for easier use and to improve recognition results by using a new knuckle modality: the major knuckle of the thumb finger modality instead of the major knuckle of the middle finger modality which is the most used in related works. In finger knuckle recognition domains, different CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) architectures have been applied, requiring a huge database. To deal with this problem, this paper presents a Siamese network for identity verification using contactless major knuckle of thumb finger modality. Actually, the Siamese network has been well used for one-shot learning that aims at learning and recognizing from little data. The FMK (Finger Major Knuckle) dataset was proposed and constructed for testing and evaluation. In fact, this study achieved good results with accuracy of 82% for the major knuckle of the left thumb finger and 79.63% for the major knuckle of the left middle finger.

To control the state of horses in the born, breeders needs a monitoring system with a surveillance camera that can identify and distinguish between horses. We proposed in [5] a method of horse’s identification at a distance using the frontal facial biometric modality. Due to the change of views, the face recognition becomes more difficult. In this paper, the number of images used in our THoDBRL’2015 database (Tunisian Horses DataBase of Regim Lab) is augmented by adding other images of other views. Thus, we used front, right and left profile face’s view. Moreover, we suggested an approach for multiview face recognition. First, we proposed to use the Gabor filter for face characterization. Next, due to the augmentation of the number of images, and the large number of Gabor features, we proposed to test the Deep Neural Network with the auto-encoder to obtain the more pertinent features and to reduce the size of features vector. Finally, we performed the proposed approach on our THoDBRL’2015 database and we used the linear SVM for classification.

Horses recognition is an important task especially for horses' trainers. It is necessary in this case to identify each horse to be distinguished. All methods used for identification are invasive and threaten the well-being of horses like Tatto and Freeze branding. So, for this reason we aim to create a human method of identification using the facial biometric modality. We tested the Gabor and LBP features for face characterization and the Euclidian and Mahcosine distance for classification. We performed our approaches on our database "THoFDRL'2015 database: Horses Face Database of REGIM Lab" and we used only horses' faces in front view. These faces are considered for experimentation. The recognition rate is 95.74%. This result maintains the success of our approach in horse recognition.