Distributed shared memory consistency protocols suffer from poor performance due their lack of application spe cific knowledge which can be exploited in message passing systems. Explicit synchronization can be used in mem ory coherence activities to realize the benefits of applica tion specific information if the user is allowed to associate data with synchronization operations. In this paper, we present a refinement of synchronization and data sharing patterns and identify attributes that can be used to asso ciate data with suitably modified synchronization primi tives. We present modifications for semaphores, read-write locks, and barriers which can be used to implement a va riety of interaction patterns including mutual exclusion, producers-consumers, readers-writers etc. We claim that the performance of applications programmed using shared memory can be comparable to their message passing imple mentation which use intermediary entities such as mail boxes. On the other hand, programming is easier with our system, since it allows for richer patterns of interaction than when directly using low-level messages.

Once considered a novelty, object oriented systems have now entered the mainstream. Their impressive performance and rich type systems have created a demand for object oriented features in other areas, such as relational database systems. We believe the current efforts to combine object oriented and relational features into a single hybrid system will fall short of the mark, whereas our approach, the co-existence approach, has the distinction of requiring far less work, but at the same time promising both the desired functionality and performance. We describe the attributes of our co-existing systems, an object oriented system (C++) and a relational system (Starburst), and show how this combination supports the desired features of both object-oriented and relational systems.