Even with substantial endeavors to test and validate processors, computational errors may still arise post-installation. One particular category of CPU errors transpires discreetly, without crashing applications or triggering hardware warnings. These elusive errors pose a significant threat by undermining user data, and their detection is challenging. This paper introduces Orthrus, a solution for the timely detection of silent user data corruption caused by post-installation CPU errors. Orthrus safeguards user data in cloud applications by providing simple annotations and compiler support for users to identify data operators and validating these operators asynchronously across cores while maintaining a low overhead (2%–6%), making it practical for production deployment. Our evaluation, using carefully injected errors, demonstrates that Orthrus can detect 87% of data corruptions with just a single core dedicated to validation, increasing to 91% and 96% when two and four cores are used, respectively.

Quantum computing devices in the NISQ era share common features and challenges like limited connectivity between qubits. Since two-qubit gates are allowed on limited qubit pairs, quantum compilers must transform original quantum programs to fit the hardware constraints. Previous works on qubit mapping assume different gates have the same execution duration, which limits them to explore the parallelism from the program. To address this drawback, we propose a Multi-architecture Adaptive Quantum Abstract Machine (maQAM) and a COntext-sensitive and Duration-Aware Remapping algorithm (Codar). The Codar remapper is aware of gate duration difference and program context, enabling it to extract more parallelism from programs and speed up the quantum programs by 1.23 in simulation on average in different architectures and maintain the fidelity of circuits when running on OriginQ quantum noisy simulator.

Quantum computing technology has reached a second renaissance in the last decade. However, in the NISQ era pointed out by John Preskill in 2018, quantum noise and decoherence, which affect the accuracy and execution effect of quantum programs, cannot be ignored and corrected by the near future NISQ computers. In order to let users more easily write quantum programs, the compiler and runtime system should consider underlying quantum hardware features such as decoherence. To address the challenges posed by decoherence, in this paper, we propose and prototype QLifeReducer to minimize the qubit lifetime in the input OpenQASM program by delaying qubits into quantum superposition. QLifeReducer includes three core modules, i.e., the parser, parallelism analyzer and transformer. It introduces the layered bundle format to express the quantum program, where a set of parallelizable quantum operations is packaged into a bundle. We evaluate quantum programs before and after transformed by QLifeReducer on both real IBM Q 5 Tenerife and the self-developed simulator. The experimental results show that QLifeReducer reduces the error rate of a quantum program when executed on IBMQ 5 Tenerife by 11%; and can reduce the longest qubit lifetime as well as average qubit lifetime by more than 20% on most quantum workloads.