Facing constant cyberattacks, organizations should use IT security tools, train employees, and motivate them to comply with security policies. Accordingly, employees’ extra-role security behaviors can benefit organizations as an additional line of defense. Drawing on organizational climate theory, we examined the psychological mechanisms through which organizational security climate could shape extra-role security behaviors. These mechanisms, such as employees' increased organizational security concern and a broader definition of their perceived security-related responsibilities, were found to have a full mediating effect between organizational security climate and extra-role security behaviors. This research contributes to the information security literature by presenting an empirically validated model that provides nuanced insights into the role of organizational climate in shaping extra-role security behaviors.

Purpose With the widespread use of online communications, users are extremely vulnerable to a myriad of deception attempts. This study aims to extend the literature on deception in computer-mediated communication by investigating whether the manner in which popularity information (PI) is presented and media richness affects users’ judgments. Design/methodology/approach This study developed a randomized, within and 2 × 3 between-subject experimental design. This study analyzed the main effects of PI and media richness on the imitation magnitude of veracity judges and the effect of the interaction between PI and media richness on the imitation magnitude of veracity judges. Findings The manner in which PI is presented to people affects their tendency to imitate others. Media richness also has a main effect; text-only messages resulted in greater imitation magnitude than those viewed in full audiovisual format. The findings showed an interaction effect between PI and media richness. Originality/value The findings of this study contribute to the information systems literature by introducing the notion of herd behavior to judgments of truthfulness and deception. Also, the medium over which PI was presented significantly impacted the magnitude of imitation tendency: PI delivered through text-only medium led to a greater extent of imitation than when delivered in full audiovisual format. This suggests that media richness alters the degree of imitating others’ decisions such that the leaner the medium, the greater the expected extent of imitation.