A combination of decreasing rocket payload costs and discovery of cutting-edge applications of satellites in low earth orbit has brought about a generation of “New Space” startups looking to cash-in on the opportunity. One such application is to provide low-latency internet to the most remote regions of the world. Companies have deployed thousands of, and are looking to deploy tens of thousands more, satellites to Low Earth Orbit. The low altitudes and wide expanse of these mega-constellations help keep latency to a minimum while providing internet coverage to regions that are inaccessible to terrestrial networks. However, the highly dynamic nature of these constellations presents the problem of internet packet routing, which is well addressed in conventional terrestrial networks. We show that the number of changes in topology from second to second can be in the order of a few hundreds and that each change takes 70–80 time slots to be reflected in forwarding tables of 90% of the network. As an alternative, we present a source routing solution coupled with a packet carried forwarding state that addresses all the above issues. We also provide a heuristic to computing network topology that can potentially speed up topology computation by 3×. Our experiments show that source routing is feasible with manageable overhead and is scalable to thousands of routing nodes.

With the advent of new IEEE 802.11ax (WiFi 6) devices, enabling security is a priority. Since previous versions were found to have security vulnerabilities, the WiFi Protected Access 3 (WPA3) was introduced to fix the most common security flaws. Although WPA3 is an improvement over its predecessor in terms of security, recently, it was found that WPA3 has a few security vulnerabilities as well. In this paper, we have mentioned the previously known vulnerabilities in WPA3 and WPA2. In addition, we have created our dataset based on WPA3 attacks. We have proposed a two-stage solution for detecting an intrusion in the network. The two-stage approach will help ease the computational processing burden of an AP and WLAN Controller. First, Access Point (AP) will perform a lightweight, simple operation for some duration (say 500ms) at a particular time interval. Upon discovering any abnormality in the flow of traffic, an ML-based solution at the controller will detect the type of attack. Our approach is to utilize resources on AP and the back-end controller with a certain optimization level. We have achieved over 99% accuracy in attack detection using a Machine Learning (ML) based solution. We have also publicly provided our code and dataset for the open-source research community so that it can contribute to future research work.

Providing high-speed Internet services using satellite networks have attracted researchers from both academia and industry mainly due to the characteristics of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks such as global coverage, scalability, and lower transmission delays. Implementation of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) in Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) can help to achieve the goals set for 5G and beyond networks. Since satellite networks have a specific architecture, some of the legacy protocols no longer remain useful. Therefore, to satisfy the diverse Quality of Service (QoS) requirements for a variety of applications, we propose a novel and centralized QoS-aware routing algorithm, called fybrrLink in which the global view of the network in SDN is utilized. We implement a modified Bresenham’s algorithm and Dijkstra’s algorithm to find the optimal path in a significantly reduced computation time. Also, taking advantage of the deterministic satellite constellation, we propose a flow rule transfer algorithm and a topology monitoring algorithm. Further, fybrrLink is evaluated with multiple NS3 simulations, and results confirm that our approach outperforms other state-of-the-art algorithms.

The demand for streaming media and live video conferencing is at peak and expected to grow further, thereby the need for low-cost streaming services with better quality and lower latency is essential. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a novel peer-to-peer (P2P) live streaming platform, called fybrrStream, where a logical mesh and physical tree i.e., hybrid topology-based approach is leveraged for low latency streaming. fybrrStream distributes the load on participating peers in a hierarchical manner by considering their network bandwidth, network latency, and node stability. fybrrStream costs as low as the cost of just hosting a light-weight website and the performance is comparable to the existing state-of-the-art media streaming services. We evaluated and tested the proposed fybrrStream platform with real-field experiments using 50+ users spread across India and results obtained show significant improvements in the live streaming performance over other schemes.

Recent advances in LTE operating in unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) has grabbed a lot of attention from industry and academia. The duty cycled LTE-U is shown to be fair with Wi-Fi technology by following an ON-OFF cycle for its transmission. However, the effect of LTE-U on the video quality of Wi-Fi users has not been studied in the literature. In this work, we study the video quality performance of a Wi-Fi user in the presence of LTE-U, in a testbed system. Our results show that the parameters that contribute to the video QoE (Quality of Experience) of Wi-Fi users get adversely affected as the fraction of channel utilized by LTE-U increases, but the same is not shown to be true with another Wi-Fi. We found that poor video QoE of Wi-Fi users in the presence of LTE-U is because of a large number of packet collisions and less channel access time due to ON cycle of LTE-U.

The Licensed Assisted Access (LAA) is shown asa required technology to avoid overcrowding of the licensedbands by the increasing cellular traffic. Proposed by 3GPP,LAA uses a Listen Before Talk (LBT) and backoff mechanismsimilar to Wi-Fi. While many mathematical models have beenproposed to study the problem of the coexistence of LAAand Wi-Fi systems, few have tackled the problem of QoSprovisioning, and in particular analysed the behaviour of thevarious classes of priority available in Wi-Fi and LAA. Thispaper presents a new mathematical model to investigate theperformance of different priority classes in coexisting Wi-Fi andLAA networks. Using Discrete Time Markov Chains, we modelthe saturation throughput of all eight priority classes used byWi-Fi and LAA. The numerical results show that with the 3GPPproposed parameters, a fair coexistence between Wi-Fi and LAAcannot be achieved. Wi-Fi users in particular suffer a significantdegradation of their performance caused by the collision withLAA transmissions which has a longer duration compared toWi-Fi transmissions.