A static ferrite storage readout technique is described which utilizes microwave transmission phenomena rather than voltage induction to achieve readout. Reversible, rotational impulse switching is used to effect nondestructive interrogation of a small toroidal core which is coupled to a strip-type ``sense line.'' The core coupled to the stripline causes an electrically controllable discontinuity in the transmission line. The change of stripline transmission characteristics during interrogation, in turn, is dependent upon the remnant state of the core. Detection of a microwave signal transmitted through the stripline yields a bipolar signal which may be used to identify the remnant state of the core. The microwave readout technique which utilizes an XN-band signal permits readout of information in an extremely short duration of time. Experimental results are given to demonstrate readout in as little time as 3 nanoseconds. Utilization of the technique for readout of information from a mass memory configuration is potentially possible.

Logic circuits composed of NOR or NAND elements are now being used extensively in digital systems, mainly because of their economy; one type of element may be used throughout an entire circuit. Assuming that the basic decision to use such "universal" elements has been made, the main design objective will usually be to produce either the fastest or the most economical circuit possible. The fastest NAND circuits, i.e., ones having a minimum number of levels of logic, are obtained by rewriting the minimum-OR polynomial (as obtained by the Quine-McCluskey method) in terms of the NAND connective, yielding a three-level logic (two-level if complemented inputs are available) e.g., where * represents the NAND connective. Similarly the minimum-AND polynomial may be written in terms of the NOR connective. Circuits obtained in this way are often also minimal with respect to the number of logic elements required.