The rapid advancement of diffusion models has significantly improved high-quality image generation, making generated content increasingly challenging to distinguish from real images and raising concerns about potential misuse. In this paper, we observe that diffusion models struggle to accurately reconstruct mid-band frequency information in real images, suggesting the limitation could serve as a cue for detecting diffusion model generated images. Motivated by this observation, we propose a novel method called Frequency-guIded Reconstruction Error (FIRE), which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first to investigate the influence of frequency decomposition on reconstruction error. FIRE assesses the variation in reconstruction error before and after the frequency decomposition, offering a robust method for identifying diffusion model generated images. Extensive experiments show that FIRE generalizes effectively to unseen diffusion models and maintains robustness against diverse perturbations.

As one of the prominent AI-generated content, Deepfake has raised significant safety concerns. Although it has been demonstrated that temporal consistency cues offer better generalization capability, existing methods based on CNNs inevitably introduce spatial bias, which hinders the extraction of intrinsic temporal features. To address this issue, we propose a novel method called Spatial Dependency Reduction (SDR), which integrates common temporal consistency features from multiple spatially-perturbed clusters, to reduce the dependency of the model on spatial information. Specifically, we design multiple Spatial Perturbation Branch (SPB) to construct spatially-perturbed feature clusters. Subsequently, we utilize the theory of mutual information and propose a Task-Relevant Feature Integration (TRFI) module to capture temporal features residing in similar latent space from these clusters. Finally, the integrated feature is fed into a temporal transformer to capture long-range dependencies. Extensive benchmarks and ablation studies demonstrate the effectiveness and rationale of our approach.

Current steganographic techniques predominantly focus on single-domain security designs, while neglecting the fact that cross-domain conversions between spatial and frequency domains may compromise embedded features, introducing detectable noise and artifacts that render stego images vulnerable to steganalyzers. This letter proposes a high-performance image steganography by dual-domain adversarial training to enhance both the security and image quality in the spatial and JPEG domains. The proposed method employs a dual-domain adversarial training strategy, integrating spatial and JPEG-domain steganalyzers to guide the generator toward producing compression-resilient stego images. In addition, a dual-objective loss function is introduced, consisting of a spatial fidelity loss to ensure visual imperceptibility and a frequency-domain consistency loss to mitigate compression-induced distortions. This design enables the model to effectively learn domain-aware embedding strategies, thereby achieving enhanced cross-domain robustness and security. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other advanced image steganographic methods in terms of security and robustness.

Generalizing deepfake detection has posed a great challenge to digital media forensics, as inferior performance is obtained when training sets and testing sets are domain-mismatched. In this paper, we show that a CNN-based detection model can significantly improve performance by fixing domain bias. Specifically, we propose a novel Fixing Domain Bias network (FDBN). FDBN does not rely on manual features, but is based on three core designs. Firstly, a domain-invariant network based on randomly stylized normalization is devised to constrain the domain discrepancy in the feature space. Then, through adversarial learning, a generalizing representation in the stylized distribution is learned to enhance the shared feature bias among manipulation methods in the domain-specific network. Finally, to encourage equality of biases among different domains, we utilize the bias extrapolation penalty strategy by suppressing the expected bias on the extremely-performing domains. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our framework achieves effectiveness and generalization towards unseen face forgeries.

In recent years, generating talking faces has become a popular research area due to their applications in various fields. However, most current models require high computational demands, which limits their practicality. To address this issue, some researchers have developed phoneme-face indexes to generate talking videos quickly and efficiently. But when the training video is too short, it is not possible to create mappings for all phonemes. To overcome this limitation, we introduced a large-scale phoneme-face dictionary to complete the feature mapping, designed a novel method for fast phoneme-face indexes search and trained a generative adversarial network (GAN) to generate video from phoneme-face sequences. Our proposed method is capable of completing the phoneme-face mapping using less than 10 seconds training video of the target person based on the large-scale dictionary and fast search algorithm and reducing the preprocessing and training time for talking videos generation.

In the field of reversible data hiding (RDH), designing a high-precision predictor to reduce the embedding distortion and developing an effective embedding strategy to minimize the distortion caused by embedding information are the two most critical aspects. In this paper, we propose a new RDH method, including a predictor based on a transformer and a novel embedding strategy with multiple embedding rules. In the predictor part, we first design a transformer-based predictor. Then, we propose an image division method to divide the image into four parts, which can use more pixels as context. Compared with other predictors, the transformer-based predictor can extend the range of pixels for prediction from neighboring pixels to global ones, making it more accurate in reducing the embedding distortion. In the embedding strategy part, we first propose a complexity measurement with pixels in the target blocks. Then, we develop an improved prediction error ordering rule. Finally, we provide an embedding strategy including multiple embedding rules for the first time. The proposed RDH method can effectively reduce the distortion and provide satisfactory results in improving the visual quality of data-hidden images, and experimental results show that the performance of our RDH method is leading the field.

Face forgery instances involving celebrities are on the rise, owing to the ease with which their large quantity of videos may be accessible on the Internet, world leaders particularly. While current face manipulation detectors have achieved impressive results on several open datasets, which incorporate persons with various identities, they show performance degradation on these high-quality ones targeting at celebrities. What is more, these online videos usually undergo compression processing, marking the detection task harder. Besides, more face manipulation techniques arise for celebrities other than face-swap, such as lip-synchronize and image-animation, with which most works have not been concerned. This paper proposes a dual stream learning facial and speaking patterns method to protect celebrities against deepfakes. We design an action unit module based on facial action coding system along with anAction Unit Transformer(AUT) to exploit facial expressions embeddings. Besides, our method's dual stream architecture utilizes aTemporal Convolutional Network(TCN) to extract lip motion pattern and learns the relatedness between facial and speaking patterns. Our method could protect the person of interest (POI) against deepfakes in an end-to-end manner. Extensive experiments show that our method achieves better performance and has a higher resistance to video compression than state-of-the-art detection models.

With the rapid development of Natural Language Processing (NLP), more and more linguistic steganography methods have appeared in recent years, which may bring great challenges to the protection of cyberspace security. Due to the powerful feature extraction capabilities of Deep neural networks (DNN) to learn semantic features of large volumes of text, traditional steganalysis methods using manual features have gradually evolved into DNN-based methods. However, whether these DNN-based steganalysis methods can extract enough carrier features to achieve efficient steganalysis so that they can completely replace traditional methods based on handcrafted features remains an open question. To explore the answer, in this paper, we propose a new steganalysis method to integrate semantic and statistical features. We use BERT to extract semantic features and TF-IDF with AutoEncoder to obtain statistical features of the input text. Finally, we design a fusion mechanism to combine these two features. The experimental results show that due to the addition of statistical features, the proposed model can significantly improve the detection performance over current DNN-based linguistic steganalysis models.

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) based detectors perform well in face manipulation detection, but are still limited by redundant information. Some methods focus on blending boundary to localize manipulation regions, discarding a part of useless information like background of image. But these methods still contain deceptive information such as facial regions without texture, which occupies resources and affects detection accuracy. Besides, these methods left out some features useful for identification. Therefore, this paper proposes a module by conducting semantic masks to guide detectors focus on face. The semantic segmentation masks focus on the facial features such as hair, eyes and other important areas, which can offer effective face identification high level semantic features. Our method uses masks as an attention-based data augmentation module and is simple for many DeepFake detection models to integrate. Experiments on multiple detectors with and without our module show our module's effectiveness. Without modifying their structural design, our approach enables CNN-based detectors to perform better. Especially, our method is well-suited for protecting the person of interest against face forgery.

Image steganalysis is a technique for detecting data hidden in images. Recent research has shown the powerful capabilities of using convolutional neural networks (CNN) for image steganalysis. However, due to the particularity of steganographic signals, there are still few reliable CNN-based methods for applying steganalysis to images of arbitrary size. In this paper, we address this issue by exploring the possibility of exploiting a network for steganalyzing images of varying sizes without retraining its parameters. On the assumption that natural image noise is similar between different image sub-regions, we propose an end-to-end, deep learning, novel solution for distinguishing steganography images from normal images that provides satisfying performance. The proposed network first takes the image as the input, then identifies the relationships between the noise of different image sub-regions, and, finally, outputs the resulting classification based upon them. Our algorithm adopts a Siamese, CNN-based architecture, which consists of two symmetrical subnets with shared parameters, and contains three phases: preprocessing, feature extraction, and fusion/classification. To validate the network, we generated datasets composed of steganography images with multiple sizes and their corresponding normal images sourced from BOSSbase 1.01 and ALASKA #2. Experimental results produced by the data generated by various methods show that our proposed network is well-generalized and robust.

In this paper, a novel deblocking filtering-based VP8 steganographic scheme is proposed. The unique aspect of this work and one that distinguishes it from the prior art is that we effectively exploit the characteristics of deblocking filtering. We propose to embed the secret messages by comparing the quantized discrete cosine transform coefficients before and after the in-loop filtering. In the process of encoding, given one frame, first, we encode it to obtain the quantized discrete cosine transform coefficients. Second, a new set of coefficients is obtained by re-encoding the filtered frame. Third, the distortion function is defined by comparing the difference between the two sets of coefficients. Finally, adaptive embedding is realized by using the syndrome-trellis codes. Experimental results show that satisfactory levels of visual quality and steganographic security could be achieved with adequate payloads.