Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have long been a serious threat to human health and longevity. Cathepsins are involved in a variety of human physiological processes and have a significant impact on the function of the cardiovascular system. Studies have demonstrated an association between cathepsins and cardiovascular disease, and we further investigated whether there are risk and protective factors between various cathepsins and cardiovascular diseases by using a Mendelian randomization approach. This study included 9 cathepsins (B, E, F, G, H, O, S, Z, L2) as exposures, 9 cardiovascular diseases (coronary atherosclerosis, essential hypertension, arrhythmia, angina pectoris, aplastic anemia, heart failure, stroke, malignant lymphoma, and myocardial infarction), and 3 anthropometric indices (Platelet count, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure) as outcomes. For the Mendelian randomization results, the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was mainly used, and in order to ensure the accuracy of the results, we carried out the tests of multiplicity and heterogeneity, and the sensitivity analysis using the leave-one-out method. According to the results of MR analysis, cathepsin E is a risk factor for Coronary atherosclerosis (OR=1.0033, 95%CI=1.001-1.0056, P=0.0051) and Myocardial infarction (OR=1.0553, 95%CI=1.0131-1.0993, P=0.0097) and a protective factor for Platelet count (OR=0.9836, 95%CI=0.9728-0.9944, P=0.0031). Cathepsin Z is a risk factor for Essential hypertension (OR=1.0005, 95%CI=1.0000-1.0009, P=0.0439). Cathepsin L2 is a protective factor in chronic heart failure (OR=0.9255, 95%CI=0.8768-0.9769, P=0.005). Cathepsin B is a protective factor for systolic blood pressure (OR=0.801, 95%CI=0.6490-0.9885, P=0.0387).

OBJECTIVE: Data mining of Chinese herbal prescriptions for the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease of the qi stagnation and blood stasis type yielded the pattern of medication, providing reference for clinical application. METHODS: Literature on the treatment of qi stagnation and blood stasis-type chronic pelvic inflammatory disease by traditional Chinese medicine was collected from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, China Biology Medicine disc, and China Science and Technology Journal Database since the establishment of the database and screened for those that met the criteria, to establish a database on the treatment of qi stagnation and blood stasis-type chronic pelvic inflammatory disease by traditional Chinese medicine. The frequency, efficacy, sex and flavour attribution of Chinese medicines were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 2019 and Origin 2022 software, and the association rule analysis and cluster analysis of high-frequency medicines were performed using IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 and IBM SPSS Statistics 27. Results: A total of 112 articles were included in the literature, involving 144 Chinese herbal tastes of traditional Chinese medicines, with a total frequency of use of 1412 times, among which the medicines used ⩾ 35 times were Angelica sinensis, Cyperus rotundus, Fumaric, Red peony, Ligusticum wallichii, Licorice, Peach kernel, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Fructus Aurantii, Safflower, Radix bupleuri, and Peony bark. The drug tastes were mainly warm and bitter, the attributive meridians were mainly liver, spleen, and stomach, and the efficacy was mainly to activate blood circulation and remove blood stasis, regulate qi, tonify the deficiency, and clear heat. The results of association rule analysis showed that the core drug pairs were 'Ligusticum wallichii - Angelica sinensis', 'Licorice - Angelica sinensis', etc. and the commonly used combinations were 'Ligusticum wallichii, Angelica sinensis -Red peony', 'Licorice, Angelica sinensis - Red peony', etc. The HF drugs were clustered into 7 classes by systematic cluster analysis. CONCLUSION: In this paper, the preliminary summary of Chinese medicine treatment of qi stagnation and blood stasis type of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease of the law of medication, treatment of this disease is mostly from the theory of the liver and spleen, to activate blood and eliminate blood stasis, regulate qi to stop pain as the main rule of treatment, the use of medication is mostly warm and cold, to activate blood and eliminate blood stasis medicines are mainly focused on regulating qi to activate blood, dredge the liver to resolve depression.

Objective:Using data mining technology to analyze the pattern of acupuncture points for treating simple obesity of spleen deficiency type to provide reference for clinical treatment of this disease.Methods:The clinical research literature on acupuncture for the treatment of simple obesity of spleen deficiency type was searched by computer from the CNKI, WF, VIP and CBM since the establishment of the database up to March 2024, and the frequency descriptive analysis of the prescription involving acupoints was performed by using Miscrosoft Excel 2021, and the IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS Statistics 27.0 for association rule analysis and cluster analysis of high-frequency acupoints.Results:A total of 126 papers were included, involving 134 acupoints, with a total frequency of 1526 uses. The top five high-frequency acupoints were Zhongwan, Tianshu, Zusanli, Fenglong, and Qihai in order, and the frequency of the above five acupoints was more than 80 times. The meridians were mainly selected from the Stomach Meridian, Ren Meridian and Spleen Meridian. Specific acupoints were mainly used as front Mu acupoint, Back-shu acupoint and Five-shu acupoint. The distribution of acupoints was mainly in the abdomen and lower limbs. Association rule analysis and cluster analysis formed a core point group based on Tianshu-Zhongwan-Fenglong.Conclusion:Acupuncture treatment of simple obesity of spleen deficiency type is based on Zhongwan, Tianshu and Fenglong as the core acupoint combination.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the regularity of traditional Chinese medicine compound in the treatment of primary hypotension by data mining technique, and to study the mechanism of core drugs on primary hypotension by network pharmacology and molecular docking. METHODS: The databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform and Ancient and Modern Medical Records Cloud Platform were searched, the prescriptions for the treatment of primary hypotension were selected, and the prescriptions for the treatment of primary hypotension were established using Excel 2021. The relevant prescriptions selected in the literature were subjected to frequency statistics and association rule analysis to obtain the core drug pairs. The components and targets of the core drug pair were searched in the TCMSP database, intersected with the disease targets of primary hypotension in the Geneccards and PharmgKb databases, and a visual network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.10.0 software, and molecular docking validation was performed using AutoDockTools software, and finally the molecular docking results were visualized by Pymol software. Results: 73 prescriptions were obtained, 116 herbs were obtained, the cumulative frequency was 704, and the top ten herbs were Radix Astragali, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Codonopsis, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Cimicifuga racemosa, Radix Bupleuri, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, Radix Ophiopogon is After association rule analysis, the core drug pair was finally obtained: Angelica sinensis – Astragalus membranaceus. After screening, 21 core components and 143 targets for the treatment of primary hypotension were obtained, and the core targets were JUN, EGFR, TP53, and MAPK14.Molecular docking showed that quercetin, kaempferol and formononetin had good binding activity to the core target for molecular docking. CONCLUSION: The core components of Angelica sinensis and Astragalus membranaceus in the treatment of primary hypotension can act on the cardiovascular system and regulate blood pressure by regulating blood flow and regulating vasoconstriction and relaxation.

Objective: To investigate the pathogenesis and pathological mechanism of salivation in TCM, and to provide theoretical basis for TCM formula.METHODS: Critical targets associated with salivation were selected by Genecard database and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, and gene ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed.The TCMSP database was used to search the TCM components related to the key targets, and the relevant candidate compounds were selected according to oral bioavailability (ob)≥ 30%, drug-like drug (dl) ≥ 0.18, degree, and the molecular binding energy was calculated between the top four targets in degree and each candidate compound pairwise to verify the reliability; Through TCMSP to find the candidate compounds related to traditional Chinese medicine, the medicinal properties, meridians, classification frequency analysis of traditional Chinese medicine, and select the degree value >5 of traditional Chinese medicine as a target-compound-traditional Chinese medicine network. Results: A total of 575 genes were obtained. The top 15 degrees were selected as key targets, and GO functional analysis showed that they were associated with 132 biological processes, 17 cellular components, and 9 molecular functions; Matching to 16 key targets resulted in 34 candidate compounds, molecular docking was performed with the key target of degree first 4 for a total of 136 pairs of molecular docking, and the results showed that the binding activity between the target and the compound was strong and the prediction accuracy was high; The results of frequency statistics showed that the medicinal properties of traditional Chinese medicines that could act on the disease target were mostly cold, the medicinal taste was bitter and sweet, and most of them belonged to the liver, lung meridian, and kidney meridian, and the efficacy types were mainly clearing away heat and tonifying deficiency; the traditional Chinese medicines ranked > 5 degrees were fenugreek, kohua, Patrinia, safflower, Sophora flavescens, Portulaca oleracea, Sophora japonica root, white fruit, and wood butterfly, indicating that these nine traditional Chinese medicines may have a strong therapeutic effect on salivation. Conclusion: This experiment introduces data support at the modern molecular experiment level for TCM pathogenesis theory and prescription for the salivation based on bioinformatics and medication rule, which provides a new breakthrough point for research on modern TCM pathogenesis and prescription theories.