This paper proposes an extended M-sequence/extended perfect difference (EMS/EPD) code family which can be applied to a two-dimensional (2-D) spectral/spatial (SS) fiber-optic code division multiple access (FO-CDMA) passive optical network (PON) with interference elimination. In addition, the proposed code family can effectively suppress the effect of phase-induced intensity noise (PIIN) and has a flexible size and the cyclic property. By using an extending technique, the number of fibers is substantially reduced between the remote node (RN) and the optical network units (ONUs). Furthermore, we design a compact optical line terminal (OLT) using the arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) router at the central office (CO) and simple ONUs using the thin-film filters (TFFs) at end users. Based on the mathematical analysis and numerical results, the 2D SS EMS/EPD code family is suitable for high-rate transmission with very good performance.

In this article, the super perfect difference (SPD) code family is presented and used in the compact spectral amplitude code (SAC) optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) passive optical networks (PONs). Based on the excellent properties of the SPD, such as low in-phase cross correlation (IPCC) value, cyclic shift, and excellent orthogonality, we design the SAC OCDMA PON which consists of a compact optical line terminal (OLT) and many simple optical network units (ONUs). Accordingly, the proposed PON not only can accommodate a large number of simultaneous users but also has compact configuration and good bit error rate (BER) performance with moderate security.

In this paper, a new code family named partitioned partial prime (PPP) code is proposed for high-rate spectral amplitude code (SAC) optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) passive optical networks (PONs) applications. They are derived from the well-known prime codes (PCs) and a manner of partitioning technique. To minimize in-phase cross-correlation (IPCC), we employ the partial and padding schemes. In addition, the influences of both phase-induced intensity noise (PIIN) and shot noise are further mitigated by the partition and two-code keying (TCK) schemes. The PPP code family has the property of good code balance, flexible code length, and excellent orthogonality. The numerical results show that the proposed system using PPP codes can substantially accommodate a lot of maximum and simultaneous users with high-rate transmission and low bit error rate (BER).