The main objective of this work is to apply rule-based energy management algorithm between two sources and a load using two interleaved floating DC/DC converters dedicated to vehicular applications; the first is a two-way converter, the second is a one-way converter. These two converters are combined to interface the hybrid power which is composed of a fuel cell as the primary source for the vehicle and a storage system (supercapacitor) as a secondary source. This article provides a modelling of the two proposed DC-DC converters as well as a control strategy for each of them. However, the studied system being powered by two sources, it is essential to apply an energy management algorithm which must ensure the distribution of the energy flows between the sources and the load in order to satisfy the required power. A rule based algorithm is applied as well to generate source power references considering state-of-charge limitation to avoid overcharging and deep discharging in order to decrease the lifetime of the supercapacitor. To evaluate the performance of the studied converters, simulation results of the hybrid system with the energy management algorithm are presented.

An energy management method for a hybrid power system based on optimal control is developed in this paper. The hybrid system is a set of a photovoltaic panel as the main energy source, a fuel cell and a storage system based on a supercapacitor power bank. The fuel cell has a weak point from the point of view of slow dynamics since the power slope is limited to avoid problems of lack of fuel cell. The very fast power response of a supercapacitor complements the slow power output of the fuel cell to produce the necessary compatibility and performance characteristics in a DC load. Each source is connected to a DC/DC converter. Optimal control has been processed to ensure power sharing between sources and load. In this article, the detailed description of the hybrid system, the modeling of the DC/DC converters and the optimal control are provided. Finally, numerical simulations under Matlab/Simulink are presented in order to validate the efficiency of the energy management algorithm.

The present paper aims to propose a real-time energy management strategy (EMS) based on two-phase interleaved buck-boost and boost converters for Fuel Cell/supercapacitor hybrid system. The interleaved converter (IC) is chosen to be applied in this work thanks to advantages, which presents compared to conventional DC/DC converter, as low input current ripples, a higher efficiency, a faster transient response, a reduced electromagnetic emission and an improved reliability. The proposed converters control strategies continuously support the EMS, based on frequency distribution to coordinate the hybrid power supply system, under variable load power conditions. In order to implement the proposed controllers, a laboratory test bench is applied to conduct experimental validation of the adopted structure. Experiments FC/SC hybrid system with the developed EMS was performed for variable load and the experiment waveforms of each power source are included. The obtained results suggest that the proposed energy management algorithm and the converters controllers present good performances.

This paper deals with an improved direct power control (DPC) of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator, the adopted approach applies a nonlinear sliding mode control (SMC) scheme to directly calculate the required rotor side converter's (RSC) control voltage. An improved stator flux estimation method is proposed, using an integrator scheme with a closed-loop dc offset compensation algorithm. The proposed strategy consists on an improved programmable low-pass filter. The theoretical principle of this method is discussed. Simulation results present a good dynamic response, an excellent performance and verify the effectiveness of the adopted strategy. Some experimental results are shown, in this paper, using a real time system controller based on dSpace 1104. Experimental results show the validity of the proposed control strategy.

Solving the problem of the energy management of a hybrid electric vehicle consists on finding the best distribution of the power to be supplied by the different energy sources. In this paper, a frequency separation based energy management is applied to distribute the missions of the energy sources while respecting their energy and dynamic limits. In our case, the system consists of three sources of energy. These three sources have different dynamic power / energy characteristics. Thus, a fuel cell is used as a main source and a hybrid storage system, consisting of a battery and a supercapacitor, is used as a secondary source allowing to support the primary one. The fuel cell provides the majority of the demand and the battery supports the FC during its start up and during high load demand (acceleration, high road slope). As the supercapacitor, it guarantees the response to pulse load requirements which is ensured by its fast dynamic. The proposed energy management strategy is evaluated for the New European driving cycle (NEDC). Simulation and experimental results are presented to prove the effectiveness of this strategy.

In this paper, we proposed a novel direct power control (DPC) strategy for a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used in wind energy generation system (WECS). Basing on estimated rotor flux position and the errors of the active and reactive power, the switching vectors for rotor side converter were selected from the switching table. The proposed method used a rotor flux observer which deals with a low-pass filter algorithm (LPF). Finally, the proposed control and system performances are evaluated through simulation under Matlab-Simulink. The obtained results of a DFIG system illustrated the robustness and the efficiency of the proposed control method DPC during wind speed variations and indicated that the control strategy is efficient and leads to the best performances. Some experimental results are presented, in this paper, using a realtime system controller based on dSpace 1104.