The supply of IoT devices is increasing year by year. Even in industries that demand sophistication, such as unmanned driving, construction, and robotics industry, IoT devices are being utilized. However, the security of IoT devices is lagging behind this development due to their diverse types and challenging firmware execution environments. The existing methods, such as direct device connectivity or partial emulation, are used to solve this. However, full system emulation is better suited for the large-scale analysis, because it can test many firmwares without requiring devices. Therefore, recent studies have integrated emulation and software testing techniques such as fuzzing, but they are still unsuitable for testing various firmware and inefficient. In this poster, we propose FirmColic, which combines fuzzing with concolic execution to mitigate these limitations. FirmColic is a type of augmented process emulation, which improves the effectiveness of fuzzing using keyword extraction based on concolic execution. Also, we apply five arbitration techniques in an augmented process emulation environment for the high success rates of the emulation. We prove that FirmColic has faster detection, more crash detection, and a higher code coverage than the previous studies.

BACKGROUND: As a result of its simplicity and high efficiency, the CRISPR-Cas system has been widely used as a genome editing tool. Recently, CRISPR base editors, which consist of deactivated Cas9 (dCas9) or Cas9 nickase (nCas9) linked with a cytidine or a guanine deaminase, have been developed. Base editing tools will be very useful for gene correction because they can produce highly specific DNA substitutions without the introduction of any donor DNA, but dedicated web-based tools to facilitate the use of such tools have not yet been developed. RESULTS: We present two web tools for base editors, named BE-Designer and BE-Analyzer. BE-Designer provides all possible base editor target sequences in a given input DNA sequence with useful information including potential off-target sites. BE-Analyzer, a tool for assessing base editing outcomes from next generation sequencing (NGS) data, provides information about mutations in a table and interactive graphs. Furthermore, because the tool runs client-side, large amounts of targeted deep sequencing data (< 1 GB) do not need to be uploaded to a server, substantially reducing running time and increasing data security. BE-Designer and BE-Analyzer can be freely accessed at http://www.rgenome.net/be-designer/ and http://www.rgenome.net/be-analyzer /, respectively. CONCLUSION: We develop two useful web tools to design target sequence (BE-Designer) and to analyze NGS data from experimental results (BE-Analyzer) for CRISPR base editors.