The Campi Flegrei caldera (southern Italy) is an active volcano whose last eruption occurred in 1538. This caldera is characterized by ground displacements (subsidence or uplift), typically identified with the term "bradyseism". Over the last two decades the Campi Flegrei caldera was affected by a phase of progressively increasing uplift and it was accompanied by increasing seismicity and geochemical anomalies. The ground displacement pattern is monitored through GNSS and Differential SAR Interferometry (DInSAR) analysis, the latter focused on the Sentinel-1 SAR data exploitation. According to the available measurements, the displacement pattern is mainly radial with a maximum uplift in the area corresponding to Rione Terra (Pozzuoli). However, we have also detected a geodetic anomaly, near the Mt. Olibano–Accademia area, where most of the recent seismicity of the caldera is concentrated, which become clearly recognizable starting from 2021 and further developed during 2022 and 2023.

We present in this work the results of an extensive, full resolution Parallel SBAS (P-SBAS) processing activity carried out on large multi-temporal SAR data archives of COSMO-SkyMed first (CSK) and second (CSG) generation SLC images, relevant to some of the main cities of the Italian territory, acquired from ascending and descending orbits since 2009. In particular, we first summarize the key points of the exploited, full resolution P-SBAS processing chain. Subsequently, we also describe the main algorithmic developments aimed to exploit large temporal sequences of CSK and CSG SLC data relevant to wide areas. Finally, we present several results highlighting, through some selected examples, that the use of high resolution SAR images, such as those of the CSK-CSG constellation, processed with techniques like the full resolution P-SBAS technique approach, may provide valued-added information that, properly integrated with in-situ measurements, can be very relevant for the assessment of the built-up environment health conditions, at the national scale.

We present in this work some advances of the Differential SAR Interferometry (DInSAR) technique referred to as Parallel Small BAseline Subset (P-SBAS) approach, allowing us to effectively process the recently available L-band SAR images acquired by the Argentinian SAOCOM-1 constellation. This activity has been carried out within the DInSAR-3M project, co-funded by the Italian Space Agency, which is aimed to develop technical solutions for the joint exploitation of multi-frequency (X-, C- and L- band) and multi-platform (spaceborne and airborne) DInSAR measurements. The main goal is the generation of surface deformation time series and corresponding mean displacement velocity maps, spatially and temporally dense, for the multi-scale analysis of natural and anthropogenic phenomena.The assessment of the developed advances has been carried out by processing several SAOCOM-1 SAR datasets acquired over Italy between 2019 and 2022.

In this work, we present an advanced implementation of the full resolution Parallel Small BAseline Subset (P-SBAS) DInSAR processing chain, aimed to effectively and automatically generate DInSAR products (displacement time series and corresponding velocity maps) related to single buildings and infrastructures over the whole Italian territory. The proposed full resolution P-SBAS pipeline exploits innovative hardware and software parallel technologies based on GPUs, which are able to efficiently process large amounts of full resolution DInSAR data stacks in reasonable time frames and with high scalability. The presented results, achieved by processing very large archives of full resolution X-band first and second generation COSMO-SkyMed data and C-band Sentinel-1 images, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution in terms of computing time and computational efficiency.

We present in this work the first results of the project referred to as DInSAR-3M, which is aimed to generate surface deformation time series and mean velocity maps, spatially and temporally dense, for the multi-scale analysis of natural and anthropogenic phenomena. The project objective will be pursued through the use of the advanced Differential SAR Interferometry (DInSAR) technique referred to as Parallel Small BAseline Subset (P-SBAS) approach and the development of a solution for the integration of multi-frequency (X-, C- and L- band) and multi-platform DInSAR measurements. In the following, we present the first results focused on the interferometric exploitation of the recently available L-band SAR images acquired by the Argentinian SAOCOM constellation.