Social media platforms, particularly Twitter, have emerged as vital media for organizing online protests worldwide. During protests, users on social media share different narratives, often coordinated to share collective opinions and obtain widespread reach. In this paper, we focus on the communities formed during a protest and the collective narratives they share, using the protest on the enactment of the Citizenship Amendment Act (#CAA) by the Indian Government as a case study. Since #CAA protest led to divergent discourse in the country, we first classify the users into opposing stances, i.e., protesters (who opposed the Act) and counter-protesters (who supported it) in an unsupervised manner. Next, we identify the coordinated communities in the opposing stances and examine the collective narratives shared by coordinated communities of opposing stances. We use content-based metrics to identify user coordination, including hashtags, mentions, and retweets. Our results suggest mention as the strongest metric for coordination across the opposing stances. Next, we decipher the collective narratives in the opposing stances using an unsupervised narrative detection framework and found call-to-action, on-ground activity, grievances sharing, questioning, and skepticism narratives in the protest tweets. We analyze the strength of the different coordinated communities using network measures, and perform inauthentic activity analysis on the most coordinated communities on both sides. Our findings also suggest that coordinated communities, which were highly inauthentic, showed the highest clustering coefficient towards a greater extent of coordination.

Protests and mass mobilization are scarce; however, they may lead to dramatic outcomes when they occur. Social media such as Twitter has become a center point for the organization and development of online protests worldwide. It becomes crucial to decipher various narratives shared during an online protest to understand people's perceptions. In this work, we propose an unsupervised clustering-based framework to understand the narratives present in a given online protest. Through a comparative analysis of tweet clusters in 3 protests around government policy bills, we contribute novel insights about narratives shared during an online protest. Across case studies of government policy-induced online protests in India and the United Kingdom, we found familiar mass mo-bilization narratives across protests. We found reports of on-ground activities and call-to-action for people's participation narrative clusters in all three protests under study. We also found protest-centric narratives in different protests, such as skepticism around the topic. The results from our analysis can be used to understand and compare people's perceptions of future mass mobilizations.

Twitter has emerged as a prominent social media platform for activism and counterpublic narratives. The counterpublics leverage hashtags to build a diverse support network and share content on a global platform that counters the dominant narrative. This paper applies the framework of connective action on the counter-narrative campaign over the cause of death of #SushantSinghRajput. We combine descriptive network, modularity, and hashtag based topical analysis to identify three major mechanisms underlying the campaign: generative role taking, hashtag-based narratives and formation of alignment network towards a common cause. Using the case study of #SushantSinghRajput, we highlight how connective action framework can be used to identify different strategies adopted by counterpublics for the emergence of connective action.