DC-DC converters are often used in electrical systems to keep the output voltage constant. Boost converters are utilized for a variety of purposes, including regenerative braking of direct current motors, portable device applications, and regulated power supplies. Buck converters, on the other hand, are used in sophisticated communications, data communication, and self-regulating power supplies. One of the most crucial elements in the power conversion process is managing the DC-DC converters. This study aims to find out which nonlinear controller, fuzzy or neural network, works best when the output load or boost converter characteristics change. So, in this, we create a boost converter controller using a fuzzy and neural network. The fuzzy controller for this study's converter employs a standard set of rules, whereas the neural network controller employs two hidden layer networks. MATLAB software is then used to reconstruct both controllers. The simulation results show that the fuzzy logic controller has a very long transient and settling period with no steady-state error in both transient and steady-state situations. On the other hand, the neural network controller has a short transient and settling period with a steady-state error.

Continuous placement of cellular networks keeps on revealing because of the inbuilt limitations of the network. To overcome these flaws, there is the next generation 6G concept which could properly assimilate important rate-hungry applications such as stretched reality, wireless brain-computer connections, independent automobiles, and others. 6G will also help in handling huge data transmission in rural areas. Many state-of-the-art trends and technologies are combined in it with the aim of providing higher data rates for ultra-reliable and low-dormancy communications. This article deals with the conceptualization of 6G cellular addressing system requirements, potential trends, technologies, services, applications, and research progress. This research includes a summary of open research issues and current research groups to benefit readers with the technology roadmap and for consideration of challenges in their research regarding 6G research. The fourth industrial revolution in the textile sector can greatly benefit from 5G and 6G technologies in automated processes of textiles such as in spinning, weaving, and especially in garments manufacturing to meet competitive advantages, excellent communication, and for better and more flexible production. 3D modeling, simulation of virtual clothes on avatars, automation of robotics, and data communication can be improved by the concept of 5G and 6G technologies.

In this paper, SCADA, and PLC (programmable logic controller) are used in the substation to automate the control of transformers. The substation is where the power for the generator and the primary supply comes from the generating station to the distributor or the end user via the transmission line. Each substation has its own set of activities, such as switching transmission lines, measuring parameters, detecting faults, and storing historical data. All these tasks were performed by one person, as the system becomes more advanced it moves to automation. Monitoring, controlling, and acquiring of data can be performed by SCADA and a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) in an automated substation. In the case of a low voltage, a transformer set at the substation is quickly turned on by the power management system using SCADA. A PLC, or "programmed logic controller," regulates the voltage in a substation. Substation automation has three categories, First RTU data is sent to controllers for system monitoring or management. The second PLC generates control commands based on system parameters, and the third SCADA allows for human-machine interaction.

Majority of the software development organizations are motivated to transform their development activities from collocated development to offshore software development outsourcing (OSDO) environment. The adoption of OSDO is complicated due to geographical distance between development teams. The requirements engineering (RE) in the context of OSDO needs special consideration as it needs more communication and collaboration. The objective of this study is to investigate the RE barriers in the domain of OSDO. This study have two main objectives (i) identification of barriers for RE process in OSDO from the existing literature and (ii) prioritizing the identified barriers by using analytical hierarchy approach (AHP). However, in this study a total of 14 barriers of RE process were identified. The investigated barriers were further categorized into three core categories i.e. coordination, project administration and human resources management.The results demonstrated that Lack of 3Cs (communication coordination and control), Strict time schedule by customer, and Incompatibility with client are the barriers having most priority in RE process in OSDO context. Moreover, we noted that the coordination is the most significant category of investigated barriers. We are confident that the findings of this study provide a model which is significant to assess and improve the RE activities in the domain of OSDO.

Vehicle to everything (V2X) is the new and revolutional phenomena of the recent era. In V2X environment, the data security of data and information is the most significant parameter, as the information is shared on the shared network. To secure the information in V2X environment; the blockchain technology can play a critical role as it consists of the powerful data encryption and decryption algorithms. To implement the characteristics of blockchain in V2X environment, the practitioners face various challenges. The key aim of this study is to develop a hypothetical framework that renders the impact of challenging factors on the implementation of blockchain in V2X paradigm. We have conducted systematic literature review approach and identified the 10 challenges that are critical to address for the successful implementation of blockchain technology in V2X network. We believe that the findings of this study serves as knowledge base for the researchers and practitioners to develop the effective strategies for the successful implementation of blockchain characteristics in V2X environment.