Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) is a significant limiting factor in the retrieval of geophysical parameters measured by microwave radiometers. Microwave Imager Combined Active and Passive (MICAP), which is a package of active and passive microwave instruments including L/C/K-band Microwave Interferometric Radiometer (MIR) and L-band scatterometer, has been approved to be taken on-board in the Chinese Ocean Salinity Mission. RFI is a serious threat to MICAP, especially to the L-band MIR. In the first part of this paper, on-orbit RFI mitigation method in MICAP L-band MIR is proposed, which is detected in time domain, frequency domain, probability spectrum, polarization domain, and RFI is removed in time domain and frequency domain. Secondly, desktop experiment of this RFI mitigation method is proposed based on MICAP L-band MIR. Thirdly, a flight experiment of this RFI mitigation method is demonstrated before MICAP launch. As shown in this paper, MICAP L-band MIR will be the first MIR with on-orbit RFI mitigation capacity.

In this study, an Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)-based method for retrieving wind vectors using 183.31-GHz water vapor absorption channels is introduced. The effectiveness of this approach is validated through a comparative analysis with the ERA5 reanalysis data and the wind product derived from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). Furthermore, this methodology demonstrates a complementary performance with the VIIRS wind product, suggesting its potential for enhancing the diversity of wind field data.

The Chinese Ocean Salinity Mission was officially initiated in 2020. In July 2023, a flight campaign was conducted to assess the system design, data processing methodologies, and performance criteria. This paper discusses the system architecture of the L/C/K-band one-dimensional microwave interferometric radiometers (MIR) tested in the flight campaign and presents the performance evaluations derived from imaging results.

The Moon is an ideal target for cross-calibration of radiometric measurements due to its stable surface geophysical properties. To explore the lunar calibration capability for the space-borne microwave radiometer missions, a ground-based interferometric radiometry concept for lunar observation is proposed in this paper, the observation model, site environment and array design are discussed. A large antenna spacing design is considered to achieve satisfactory spatial resolution while maintaining a reasonable system size. The resulting aliasing error is evaluated through imaging simulations.

This article proposes a data-physical hybrid-driven air balancing (DPH-AB) method for the ventilation system. First, a data-driven model is proposed to establish the relationship among the airflow, path pressure drop, pressure, and damper angle in the duct system. Specifically, the airflow-path pressure drop relationship is modeled by the denoising autoencoder neural network (DAENN) while the pressure-angle relationship is obtained by the ridge regression method. Then, the physical information of the duct system is considered together with the proposed data-driven model to find the optimal angle for each damper to minimize the total fan power. With the proposed DPH-AB method, the airflow of all terminals can be accurately adjusted to the desired value while the energy consumption of the duct system can reach the lowest value. It is easy to identify which damper needs to be fully open to save the energy. The experiments verify the accuracy of the proposed DPH-AB method and its energy saving potential. The experiments also demonstrate that the DPH-AB method is robust against the noise in the actual duct system.

This paper proposes an energy-saving oriented air balancing method based on the extreme learning machine. First, the relationship between the design airflow and the damper angles of all terminals is modeled by the extreme learning machine. Then, a top-down searching method for the minimal required fan voltage is proposed. The optimal damper angles and the minimal required fan voltage can be determined. Under the minimal fan voltage, the energy consumption of the air balancing system can reach the smallest value for each case. This air balancing method can accurately adjust the airflow in each terminal to the design value. The effectiveness of this method is verified by the experiments.