Hyperdimensional (HD) computing is attractive for low-power platforms, but common encoders flatten inputs and treat neighboring features as independent, discarding spatial structure and inflating the cost of a dense F×D apply. We present MESHHD, a spatially aware, relative and multi-scale base that maps 2D coordinates with random Fourier features to approximate a distance kernel; nearby locations receive similar hypervectors regardless of absolute position. We further introduce a compact Kronecker-structured apply that realizes the bundled base with three small GEMMs, reducing arithmetic and weight movement from O(FD) toward a near-linear form while preserving encoder semantics. Our experimental results show that MESHHD consistently improves accuracy over the state-of-the-art nonlinear HD encoders, especially at smaller D, and reduces per-batch encoding time by ~ 3×, with up to 10× savings in encoder MACs/state at D=10,000.

We propose an advanced hyperdimensional computing (HDC) framework for regression tasks, addressing the limitations of existing methods through three key innovations: fine-grained feature encoding, confidence-based inference, and dimension-split boosting for scalable training. By preserving inter-feature relationships and enabling efficient computation on high-dimensional spaces, the framework achieves superior accuracy and efficiency across diverse benchmarks. Our evaluation demon-strates that HB R F achieves significant improvements in prediction quality and computational efficiency as compared to the state-of-the-art HDC- based regression by 31% and 54.8 %, respectively.

Hyperdimensional (HD) Computing is a lightweight representation system that symbolizes data as high-dimensioned vectors. HD computing has been growing in popularity in recent years as an alternative to deep neural networks mainly due to its simple and efficient operations. In HD-based learning frameworks, the encoding of the high dimensional representations are widely cited to be the most contributing procedure to accuracy and efficiency. However, throughout HD computing's history, the encoder has largely remained static. In this work, we explore methods for a dynamic encoder that yields better representations as training progresses. Our proposed method, SEP, achieves accuracies comparable to state-of-the-art HD-based methods proposed in the literature; more notably, our solutions outperform existing work at lower dimensions while maintaining a relatively small dimension of$D=3,000$, which equates to an average of$3.32\times$faster inference.

Hyperdimensional (HD) computing is an emerging paradigm inspired by human cognition, utilizing high-dimensional vectors to represent and learn information in a lightweight manner based on its simple and efficient operations. In HD-based learning frameworks, the encoding of the high dimensional representations is the most contributing procedure to accuracy and efficiency. However, throughout HD computing's history, the encoder has largely remained static, which leads to sub-optimal hypervector representations and excessive dimensionality requirements. In this paper, we propose novel forward-only training methods for HD encoders, Stochastic Error Projection (SEP) and Input Modulated Projection (IMP), which dynamically adjust the encoding process during training. Our methods achieve accuracies comparable to state-of-the-art HD-based techniques, with SEP and IMP outperforming existing methods by 5.49% on average at a reduced dimensionality of D = 3,000. This reduction in dimensionality results in a 3.32x faster inference.

Efficiency and performance are significant challenges in applying Machine Learning (ML) to robotics, especially in energy-constrained real-world scenarios. In this context, Hyperdimensional Computing offers an energy-efficient alternative but has been underexplored in robotics. We introduce ReactHD, an HDC-based framework tailored for perception-action-based learning for sensorimotor controls of robot tasks. ReactHD employs hypervectors to encode sensory inputs and learn the suitable high-dimensional pattern for robot actions. It also integrates two HD-based lightweight symbolic learning techniques: HDC-based supervised learning by demonstration (HDC-IL) and HD-Reinforcement Learning (HDC-RL) to enable precise, reactive robot behaviors in complex environments. Our empirical evaluations show that ReactHD achieves robust and accurate learning outcomes comparable to state-of-the-art deep learning while substantially improving the performance and energy consumption efficiency by 14.2× and 15.3×. To the best of our knowledge, ReactHD is the first HDC-based framework deployed in real-world settings.

Hyperdimensional computing (HDC) is a computing paradigm inspired by the mechanisms of human memory, characterizing data through high-dimensional vector representations, known as hypervectors. Recent advancements in HDC have explored its potential as a learning model, leveraging its straightforward arithmetic and high efficiency. The traditional HDC frameworks are hampered by two primary static elements: randomly generated encoders and fixed learning rates. These static components significantly limit model adaptability and accuracy. The static, randomly generated encoders, while ensuring high-dimensional representation, fail to adapt to evolving data relationships, thereby constraining the model’s ability to accurately capture and learn from complex patterns. Similarly, the fixed nature of the learning rate does not account for the varying needs of the training process over time, hindering efficient convergence and optimal performance. This article introducesTrainableHD, a novel HDC framework that enables dynamic training of the randomly generated encoder depending on the feedback of the learning data, thereby addressing the static nature of conventional HDC encoders.TrainableHDalso enhances the training performance by incorporating adaptive optimizer algorithms in learning the hypervectors. We further refineTrainableHDwith effective quantization to enhance efficiency, allowing the execution of the inference phase in low-precision accelerators. Our evaluations demonstrate thatTrainableHDsignificantly improves HDC accuracy by up to 27.99% (averaging 7.02%) without additional computational costs during inference, achieving a performance level comparable to state-of-the-art deep learning models. Furthermore,TrainableHDis optimized for execution speed and energy efficiency. Compared to deep learning on a low-power GPU platform like NVIDIA Jetson Xavier,TrainableHDis 56.4 times faster and 73 times more energy efficient. This efficiency is further augmented through the use of Encoder Interval Training (EIT) and adaptive optimizer algorithms, enhancing the training process without compromising the model’s accuracy.

HD computing is a symbolic representation system which performs various learning tasks in a highly-parallelizable and binary-centric way by drawing inspiration from concepts in human long-term memory. However, the current HD computing is ineffective in extracting high-level feature information for image data. In this paper, we present a neuro-symbolic approach called NSHD, which integrates CNNs and Hyperdimensional (HD) learning techniques to provide efficient learning with state-of-the-art quality. We devise the HD training procedure, which fully integrates knowledge from the deep learning model through a distillation process with optimized computation costs due to the integration. Our experimental results show that NSHD provides high energy efficiency as compared to CNN, e.g., up to 64% with comparable accuracy, and can outperform the learning quality when more computing resources are allowed. We also show the symbolic nature of the NSHD can make the learning humnan-interpretable by exploiting the property of HD computing.

Hyperdimensional computing (HDC) is a computing paradigm that draws inspiration from human memory models. It represents data in the form of high-dimensional vectors. Recently, many works in literature have tried to use HDC as a learning model due to its simple arithmetic and high efficiency. However, learning frameworks in HDC use encoders that are randomly generated and static, resulting in many parameters and low accuracy. In this paper, we propose TrainableHD, a framework for HDC that utilizes a dynamic encoder with effective quantization for higher efficiency. Our model considers errors gained from the HD model and dynamically updates the encoder during training. Our evaluations show that TrainableHD improves the accuracy of the HDC by up to 22.26% (on average 3.62%) without any extra computation costs, achieving a comparable level to state-of-the-art deep learning. Also, the proposed solution is 56.4 x faster and 73 x more energy efficient as compared to the deep learning on NVIDIA Jetson Xavier, a low-power GPU platform.

The brain-inspired hyperdimensional computing (HDC) gains attention as a light-weight and extremely parallelizable learning solution alternative to deep neural networks. Prior research shows the effectiveness of HDC-based learning on less powerful systems such as edge computing devices. However, the many-class classification problem is beyond the focus of mainstream HDC research; the existing HDC would not provide sufficient quality and efficiency due to its coarse-grained training. In this paper, we propose an efficient many-class learning framework, called CascadeHD, which identifies latent high-dimensional patterns of many classes holistically while learning a hierarchical inference structure using a novel meta-learning algorithm for high efficiency. Our evaluation conducted on the NVIDIA Jetson device family shows that CascadeHD improves the accuracy for many-class classification by up to 18% while achieving 32% speedup compared to the existing HDC.

Brain-inspired hyperdimensional (HD) computing is a new computing paradigm based on theoretical neuroscience to enable efficient learning. In HD computing, the original data are encoded to points in a high-dimensional space to perform learning with lightweight algebra. In this paper, we propose STEMHD that elicits key features from spatiotemporal data along with a hardware design that empowers computation reuse. Our evaluation shows that STEMHD successfully interprets structural data at a low cost achieving higher accuracy than the state-of-the-art methods. Our evaluation shows that STEMHD improves performance and energy efficiency during the model training by 16.3% and 19.7%, respectively, with a negligible accuracy loss of less than 0.25%. For the model inference, we observe the inference speedup of 1.96× on average.