Alexandr Nesterov, Andrey Sakhovskiy, Ivan Sviridov, Airat Valiev, Vladimir Makharev, Petr Anokhin, Galina Zubkova, Elena Tutubalina. Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. 2025.

Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) play an increasingly important role in medical diagnostics. We present AI Diagnostic Assistant (AIDA), a real-time predictive model designed to assist doctors in interpreting patient conditions. AIDA analyzes electronic health records (EHR), including medical history, laboratory results, and complaints, to suggest potential diagnoses from 95 common conditions before the doctor makes the final decision. The model acts as a verification and backup tool, ensuring that no critical details are overlooked. Trained on 1.5 million patient records and validated on a dataset curated by a panel of experts, AIDA proves trustworthy as a diagnosis-making assistant (87.7% accuracy compared to 91.7% accuracy among doctors). Integrated into a megapolis-wide CDSS, AIDA has assisted doctors in over 3 million real-world diagnoses to date.

Medical data annotation requires highly qualified expertise. Despite the efforts devoted to medical entity linking in different languages, available data is very sparse in terms of both data volume and languages. In this work, we establish benchmarks for cross-lingual medical entity linking using clinical reports, clinical guidelines, and medical research papers. We present a test set filtering procedure designed to analyze the “hard cases” of entity linking approaching zero-shot cross-lingual transfer learning, evaluate state-of-the-art models, and draw several interesting conclusions based on our evaluation results.