The paper presents chaos-theory-based human attention level detection from the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. In the medical field, “human attention level” can be referred to as the “attentional state,”, which helps to understand an individual's attention capacity in various crucial moments. In this study, we have deployed secondary analysis on existing methods by implementing chaos theory on the PhysioNet dataset. We investigate different vital parameters and values to predict human attention level from the EEG dataset. We calculated time delay, embedding dimension, and correlation dimension from the participants' EEG data to determine the parameters' values: specifically, for detecting of human attention level from EEG signals. By calculating the 95% confidence interval (CI), the time delay has an average of 2.50 seconds, and the embedding dimension and correlation dimension have an average value of 4.41 and 2.23, respectively. We also observed a similar embedded signal in the reconstructed phase space (RPS) of participant's EEG signals. The statistical and chaos-based plot can potentially investigate human attention parameters and develop a robust EEG signal prediction system. Overall, this proposed framework serves as a resource on the latest nonlinearity detection techniques to detect human attention levels utilizing EEG signal analysis. Clinical Relevance - The effectiveness of the chaos-based non-linear analysis method for detecting human attention levels in EEG signals depends on its potential impact on diagnosis and treatment, integration into clinical practice, benefits, and risks.

Quantum machine learning (QML) in the field of disease detection and prediction use quantum computing techniques and algorithms to analyze and classify large datasets of medical information, by identifying subtle patterns and predict the occurrence or progression of diseases. It involves applying machine learning techniques to data from biological and medical research, such as-genomic and proteomic data, medical imaging, electronic health records, and clinical trial data, using quantum computing algorithms and architectures to perform these analyses more efficiently and accurately than classical computing methods. This approach has the potential to provide new insights into complex biological systems and facilitate the development of more effective treatments and personalized medicine. In this paper, a systematic review of the use of QML algorithms has been conducted, which focuses on the detection and prediction of diseases among patients. The current essence of the field along with the challenges and limitations of current works have also been discussed. After evaluating the implemented and proposed methods of data analysis, algorithm development, usefulness and efficiency of the system in various disease detection and prediction, a recommendation was made on the open research scopes in this field at the end of the paper.

Heart Rate (HR) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is an essential measurement to know the heart’s cardiovascular condition. Many works have been done for measuring HR-HRV based on the facial video non-invasively. In this paper, based on our previous work experience of measuring HR-HRV by Remote photoplethysmography signals (rPPG) analysis, we have built a prediction model from the 10-second time series data extracted from a facial video. In this work, we have used the instantaneous public dataset with several data models to predict the HR-HRV, and stress levels exclusively from the dataset. We have used here some of the popular algorithms appropriate for this task. We have also analyzed the stress level classification on the gender of a subject using the same facial videos with 16 different classifiers resulting in almost perfect accuracy for several classifiers.

Accurate and valid health information is crucial for effective medical management. Failure to collect adequate information from physical and mental health examinations can be a barrier to Virtual medical platforms and telemedicine. In this paper, we propose the non-invasive “Dream” project prototype to monitor and record heart rate (HR), heart rate-variation (HRV) (for physical health), and stress (for mental health) using only a smart-phone. This non-invasive mobile application, “Dream” uses the front camera to capture video to calculate HR-HRV and stress. The full “Dream” project encompasses our previous facial video HR-HRV and stress work. We have also compared our proposed “Dream” project with 39 works in this area. We found a significant positive difference between our proposed “Dream” project compared to other projects in respect to user accessibility, application, cost-effectiveness, hospitalization monitoring, and human health status. Furthermore, we can apply “Dream” in remote human health monitoring, driver monitoring, and creating vital sign records non-invasively without a health care assistant. Especially during a pandemic, this virtual health monitoring system can be useful for scaled-up telemedicine to serve the remote population.