The growing complexity of industrial systems demands a transition from passive monitoring to proactive decision support, a shift that hinges on advanced intelligent perception. However, most systems remain confined to brittle, rule-based logic, which operates on fixed symptom-to-action mappings and thus cannot perceive the underlying, context-dependent operational intent. This perceptual gap is particularly detrimental especially in fault diagnosis, where this inability to adapt leads to frequent misdiagnoses and costly downtime. To overcome this limitation, this paper introduces the Intent-Aware Enhancement Framework (IAEF)1, which replaces static rules by actively creating and reasoning over a dynamic causal model. This is achieved through two core method. The Information Theory-guided Causal Graph Revision (ITCGR) algorithm provides the foundation by constructing a reliable causal model, uniquely leveraging information-theoretic metrics to guide an LLM for verifiable revisions on sparse data. Building on this model, the Multi-scale Adaptive Path Reasoning (MAPR) method then infers the true operational intent, employing a novel adaptive fusion model to robustly navigate complex inference chains. Experimental validation in a real-world case demonstrates the framework’s ability to accurately diagnose fault root causes under varying conditions, a task where traditional systems fail. The proposed approach significantly outperforms baselines, providing a foundational methodology for advancing industrial intelligence.

The development of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) in urban areas currently faces a critical misalignment between technological applications and the developmental stages of cities. Most studies on ITS to date have focused on solutions tailored to developed cities, which overlook the practical needs of growing cities. The above problem reduces the applicability of advanced technologies in resource-constrained contexts. To fill the gap, our study constructs a five-tier ITS evaluation framework for cities evolving from city 1.0 to 5.0. Through the synthesis of the literature and practical case analysis, a three-view research paradigm is proposed, “issue–science–engineering” (ISE). It integrates three key elements of ITS in urban areas: the infrastructure network, the transportation network, and the management network, which identify five distinct evolutionary stages of ITS for cities. By pinpointing common critical challenges across these stages, the study distills four priority research themes of ITS for academia: data-driven collaborative optimization, system resilience under complex disruptions, human-centered equity assurance, and incremental transitions toward sustainability. Furthermore, the study establishes a matching mechanism between technological pathways and city developmental stages, which could offer actionable insights for collaboration between industry and academia. Our study provides a decision-making framework for the development of ITS in cities at different stages. We hope that the study could contribute to a more balanced global advancement in this field.

The transshipment process of containers at ports, with the coordination and collaboration of multiple participating entities involved, is critical in the international logistics system. It's hard to achieve the findability, accessibility, interoperability and reusability of multi-source operational data at container transshipment ports, which makes the trusted circulation and synergistic application of operational data bottleneck issues. Based on the architecture of International Data Space, this paper constructs a Port Transshipment Data Space and explores the main process of trusted circulation and synergistic application of multi-source operational data within it. After the enabling technologies of the constructed Port Transshipment Data Space are clarified, this paper designs a system architecture for trusted circulation and synergistic application at container transshipment ports, and finally establishes the ecological chain, identifying the six key participating entities involved in the port container transshipment process. The proposed paradigm may effectively address the challenges on trusted circulation and synergistic application of operational data, so as to promote the efficient implementation of container transshipment at ports.

The demand, technologies, and market all put forward the request for platformization of the vehicle logistics industry. In China, a few logistics companies have plans but only one has initially built a platform for vehicle logistics. This platform has also attracted a considerable number of service providers to join, which has led to competition between service providers and the platform. To promote the platformization of the vehicle logistics industry and attract more customers to use platform-based services, how to leverage the incentive effect of subsidies is a topic of concern for the government. Motivated by the above, this article discusses whether the exogenous subsidies (provided to customers for platform service or providers service) can accelerate the process of the vehicle logistics industry. We explore the role of subsidies by developing a model (a hotelling line) that describes the differentiated competition between the platform and service providers. Our study found that subsidies do not always work as expected. The effectiveness of the subsidy depends on service advantages and customer preferences. Subsidies may even be counterproductive if customers prefer service providers or if platform services lack advantages. This is a reminder for both the government and industry that to accelerate the platformization of the vehicle logistics industry, it is necessary to combine reality and not blindly subsidize.

As an emerging delivery pattern, long-distance non-standardized delivery (LND) is receiving the attention of large logistics companies. Despite the growing demand and customer market for LND, so far there is no mature logistics platform for LND. For logistics companies planning to carry out LND services, there is currently no feasible and effective operations methodology. This paper summarizes the characteristics of LND from the perspective of operations and preliminarily explores the operations methodology of LND. Specifically, the two issues, driver assignment and order settlement for LND, are discussed in detail. To the best of our knowledge, our paper is the first one to study the complete operations methodology for LND. Our proposed methodology could help these large logistics companies that have already launched long-distance standardized delivery services expand the scope of their service. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed driver assignment and order settlement methods. Finally, the paper discusses the impact of drivers’ human factors on LND operations and concludes with several interesting findings. These findings can help the future exploration of how to design a more efficient and beneficial logistics platform for LND.

To respond to the rapid growth of shipping container throughput, terminals urgently need to improve the efficiency of thier operations and reduce operational costs through automation and intellectualization upgrades, thereby improving service levels and enhancing market competitiveness. Due to the advantages of reliable transportation, efficient operation, and environmental friendliness, AGV-based automated container terminal (ACT) has become the development trend of container terminals. To help ACT improve its operational management capabilities, plenty of scholars have explored the transportation system of ACT. Through the analysis of operational management issues, the paper defines the four main research topics in vehicle transportation of the ACT including equipment scheduling, path planning, exception handling, and vehicle management. Then, in each topic, the works in the recent 25 years are summarized and several research opportunities for possible follow-up research directions in different fields are proposed. We expect our survey could not only provide references for more scholars on the research of operation and management of terminals, but also provide guidance for system evaluation and improvement for terminal system engineers and operation managers.