Jin Cui, Jiaqi Guo, Jiepeng Zhou, Ruixuan Yang, Jiayi Lu, Jiajun Xu, Jiangcheng Song, Boran Zhao, Pengju Ren. Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers). 2026.

Virtual Museums present a novel approach for audiences to experience cultural content. This paper proposes two new concepts of virtual museums: Human-Centric Virtual Museum, which emphasizes audience interaction experiences, and Content-Centric Virtual Museum, which focuses more on the digitized display of real museum collections and content. With the widespread application of extended reality (XR) technology in this field, people are increasingly inclined towards experiencing highly interactive Human-Centric Virtual Museums. However, evaluating these from a user cognition perspective warrants further investigation. To address this, we design and implement three fundamental forms: Mobile Application (MA), Virtual Reality (VR), and Mixed Reality (MR), and evaluate comprehensive user experiences, including satisfaction, cognitive load, emotional involvement, presence, interactivity, degree of participation and potential negative impact. The experimental results show that in terms of satisfaction and cognitive load, users generally find the MR mode easier to understand and operate. Regarding emotional involvement, audiences in the VR and MR modes are more likely to focus on the current content. Concerning presence, the MR mode enables audiences to perceive the real spatial location, thereby increasing their immersion. Furthermore, compared to the MA mode, both MR and VR modes exhibit stronger interactivity, providing audiences with a more immersive exhibition experience. However, the VR mode may also cause users to feel discomfort during use.

This paper presents a low-power multimode eight-channel analog front-end (AFE) circuit for direct time-of-flight (dToF) LiDAR applications. The proposed AFE features rich programmability in: a) Two operation modes, parallel mode and selectable mode to save power; b) Two coupling modes, anode and cathode coupling with photodiodes (PDs); c) Two gain modes, high-gain mode for PIN-PD and low-gain mode for APD. Correspondingly, several circuit design techniques have been proposed to support the programmability including: a) Reconfigurable TIA with awake/sleep state and high/low gain mode switching; b) Symmetrical pulse width control to match the pulse width of anode and cathode coupling and input over load protection; 3) Glitch reduction for channel switchover in selectable mode. Designed in 0.18-µm CMOS technology, the AFE achieves bandwidth of 180 MHz, transimpedance gain of 100 dBW, input-referred noise current of 2.1 ${\text{pA}}/\sqrt {{\text{Hz}}} $ Hz and output swing of 1 Vpp,diff. The channel switchover time is around 10 ns in selectable mode. The channel power consumption is 50 mW in parallel mode and 11.4 mW in selectable mode.

Qudit has emerged as a promising system for next-generation quantum computers because of its significant advantages in multi-phase problems and quantum error correction, while multi-qudit operations are yet to be implemented. As one of the basic operations, quantum addition has been widely applied in number factorization and discrete logarithms. Meanwhile, the physical constraints of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices necessitate the development of fault-tolerant quantum adders and the exploration of quaternary operations on binary devices is still in its infancy. In this work, we propose the first approach for implementing quaternary quantum addition algorithms by employing primitive quantum gates. A library of quaternary quantum gates and quaternary quantum full adders (Q2FA) able to produce carry-first results, along with lower depth and fewer T-gates optimizations are proposed and evaluated, where all circuits are implemented on IBM Qiskit SDK. Extensive experiments show that our proposed Q2FA design, together with the optimization techniques, reduces T-depth by up to 1.4× and T-count by 1.7× compared with baseline quantum circuits without depth and T-gate optimizations. Meanwhile, the scalability of the proposed Q2FA is demonstrated by constructing quantum carry-ripple adders. Under noisy conditions, our proposed design can achieve an overall fidelity increase by 1.4×.