Wildfire is a complex mobile disturbance causing local damage and possible distant impacts through the transport of smoke, ash, and debris. NASA continues to invest in and support data products and technology to support global fire monitoring and operational management needs. NASA’s recent FireSense Project aims to directly engage wildfire management stakeholders through co-development to transition improved technology and applications into operation. FireSense completed an initial campaign in coordination with federal, state, local and academic partners assessing and characterizing conditions before, during and after wildfires. Data from the campaign can be used to improve fire spread and smoke forecast models and evaluate the capabilities of the sensors and related instruments on current or future satellite missions for supporting proactive wildland fire management and situational awareness during active wildfire response. Though FireSense is being implemented in the Unites States, solutions are expected to be broadly applicable globally.

NASA’s Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO) has established a new program called Technology Development for support of Wildfire Science, Management, and Disaster Mitigation (FireSense Technology), to develop innovative new technologies and capabilities to better predict, monitor and manage wildfires and their impacts. ESTO’s FireSense Technology program works in collaboration with NASA’s Applied Sciences Wildland Fire Program, the Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate (ARMD), the Space Technology Mission Directorate (STMD), and the Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) program. The program will also work closely with interagency partners such as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, the National Interagency Fire Center, and others. In this paper we will discuss the program objectives and provide an update on the technological developments to date.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had substantial impacts on the Earth system and socioeconomic activities. Restrictions aimed at reducing the spread of COVID-19 by limiting human interaction have led to significant reductions in air pollution and CO2emissions, improvement in water quality, changes in agricultural output, and changes in economic activity for certain industries such as airlines and shipping, among others [1]–[5]. Those economic impact assessment related information are made available on the trilateral COVID-19 Earth Observing Dashboard (https://eodashboard.org) [6]. The presented use cases in economic activities make full use of the combined satellites fleet of NASA, ESA and JAXA as well as the expertise of the Earth Observation community.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused authorities to limit or lockdown cities resulting in changes in human behaviors that impacted the Earth system. Studying such impacts on the Earth system requires an integrated study of relevant parameters using remotely sensed data. This paper discusses a unique dashboard that brings Earth observation datasets together to visualize, explore, and communicate the environmental effect of human behavior due to COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought difficulties to daily lives and caused various changes in socio-economic activities and the social environment. Since the satellite-based Earth observation allows us to monitor the Earth's surface globally and periodically with various physical parameters, as space agencies, it is our responsibility to monitor the changes of the Earth from space, share the observation results with the public, and record them for future generations. Aiming to fulfill this obligation, JAXA has cooperated with NASA and ESA to develop the Earth Observing Dashboard, which provides information on the changes of the Earth environment before/after COVID-19 pandemic. This paper discusses the overview of the three agency's cooperation on COVID-19 dashboard.