Ruinan Zeng

dblp:391/1922 · DBLP profile ↗
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1ranked-venue papers
0as first author
1since 2021 · last 2026
0009-0007-3994-3291ORCID · reported

Domains — the database's venue-derived domains; a paper can count in several

Software engineering, systems software and programming languages · 1 · 1 since 2021

Expertise — from the expertise taxonomy: the topics of the expert's papers under the CCF categories. A weight counts papers with recency: 1 for a paper about the topic, 0.3 when the topic is its context, halved every five years.

Software engineering, system software, and programming languages
1 paper
Program synthesis and code generation · 67% Program verification · 33%
Computer architecture, parallel and distributed computing, and storage systems
1 paper
Embedded and real-time systems · 100%

Topics — the 4 heaviest of 4, each with the papers that count most for it

TopicWeightPapersLastEvidence papers
Program synthesis and code generation
code generation with language models
1.012026
Agents4PLC: Automating Closed-Loop PLC Code Generation and Verification in Industrial Control Systems Using LLM-Based Agents · IEEE Trans. Software Eng. 2026
Program verification
code-level verification
1.012026
Agents4PLC: Automating Closed-Loop PLC Code Generation and Verification in Industrial Control Systems Using LLM-Based Agents · IEEE Trans. Software Eng. 2026
Program synthesis and code generation › domain-specific code generation
PLC code generation
1.012026
Agents4PLC: Automating Closed-Loop PLC Code Generation and Verification in Industrial Control Systems Using LLM-Based Agents · IEEE Trans. Software Eng. 2026
Embedded and real-time systems
industrial control systems
0.312026
Agents4PLC: Automating Closed-Loop PLC Code Generation and Verification in Industrial Control Systems Using LLM-Based Agents · IEEE Trans. Software Eng. 2026

Methods — techniques the papers use, named apart from their topics

retrieval-augmented generation · 2.0prompt engineering · 2.0multi-agent system · 2.0large language model · 2.0chain-of-thought · 2.0
YearPublicationVenuePosition
2026 Agents4PLC: Automating Closed-Loop PLC Code Generation and Verification in Industrial Control Systems Using LLM-Based Agents
abstract
In industrial control systems, the generation and verification of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) code are crucial for ensuring operational efficiency and safety. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have made strides in automated code generation, they fall short in providing correctness guarantees and specialized support for PLC programming (which has its own programming language and clear logical structures). To address these challenges, this paper introduces Agents4PLC, a novel framework that not only automates PLC code generation but also introduces code-level verification and repair built upon an LLM-based multi-agent system, which together is capable of directly producing operational PLC code without any human interaction. To comprehensively evaluate our framework, we first establish a new benchmark specially designed for the critical area ofverifiable PLC code generation, which includes hundreds of natural language requirements, human-written and verified formal specifications, and finally reference PLC code. Then, we carefully designed a multi-agent workflow combining a set of expert agents responsible for different code generation tasks including planning, coding, validation and debugging towards generating correct PLC code. For each agent, we also incorporate optimization strategies such as Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), advanced prompt engineering techniques, and Chain-of-Thought strategies which are shown to be effective to enhance the ability of these expert ‘agents’. Evaluation against the benchmark demonstrates that Agents4PLC significantly outperforms existing methods, achieving superior results across a series of increasingly rigorous evaluation metrics. This research highlights the potential of LLM agent-based code generation in real-world industrial control systems and the importance of code-level verification in generating correct code with formal guarantees.
Ruinan Zeng, Dongxia Wang 0002, Gengyun Peng, Peiyu Liu 0003, Wenhai Wang, Jingyi Wang 0004
IEEE Trans. Software Eng.2