Existing cross-modal pedestrian detection (CMPD) employs complementary information from RGB and thermal-infrared (TIR) modalities to detect pedestrians in 24h-surveillance systems. RGB captures rich pedestrian details under daylight, while TIR excels at night. However, TIR focuses primarily on the person's silhouette, neglecting critical texture details essential for detection. While the near-infrared (NIR) captures texture under low-light conditions, which effectively alleviates performance issues of RGB and detail loss in TIR, thereby reducing missed detections. To this end, we construct a new Triplet RGB–NIR–TIR (TRNT) dataset, comprising 8,281 pixel-aligned image triplets, establishing a comprehensive foundation for algorithmic research. However, due to the variable nature of real-world scenarios, imaging devices may not always capture all three modalities simultaneously. This results in input data with unpredictable combinations of modal types, which challenge existing CMPD methods that fail to extract robust pedestrian information under arbitrary input combinations, leading to significant performance degradation. To address these challenges, we propose the Adaptive Uncertainty-aware Network (AUNet) for accurately discriminating modal availability and fully utilizing the available information under uncertain inputs. Specifically, we introduce Unified Modality Validation Refinement (UMVR), which includes an uncertainty-aware router to validate modal availability and a semantic refinement to ensure the reliability of information within the modality. Furthermore, we design a Modality-Aware Interaction (MAI) module to adaptively activate or deactivate its internal interaction mechanisms per UMVR output, enabling effective complementary information fusion from available modalities. AUNet enables accurate modality validation and robust inference without fixed modality pairings, facilitating the effective fusion of RGB, NIR, and TIR information across diverse inputs.

Federated domain generalization in person re-identification (FedDG-ReID) aims to learn a privacy-preserving server model from decentralized client source domains that generalizes to unseen domains. Existing approaches enhance the generalizability of the server model by increasing the diversity of client person data. However, these methods overlook that ReID model parameters are easily biased by client-specific data distributions, leading to the capture of excessive domain-specific identity information. Such identity information (e.g., clothing style) struggles with identity information in unseen domains, thereby hindering the generalization ability of the server model. To address this, we propose a novel FedDG-ReID framework, which mainly consists of Domain-aware Parameter Suppression (DPS) and Domain-invariant Weighted Aggregation (DWA), called FedSupWA. Specifically, DPS adaptively attenuates the update magnitude of the parameters based on the fit of the parameters to the client's domain, encouraging the model to focus on more generalized domain-independent identity information, such as pedestrian contours, and other consistent information across domains. DWA enhances the server model’s generalization by evaluating the effectiveness of the client model in maintaining the consistency of pedestrian identities to measure the importance of the learned domain-independent identity information and assigning greater aggregation weights to clients that contribute more generalized information. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of FedSupWA, showing that it achieves state-of-the-art performance.

Talking head generation aims to synthesize high-quality and lip-synchronized talking head videos from the given portrait images and audio. However, previous methods directly learn the alignment between lip movements and the driven audio, barely focusing on the fidelity and continuity of the generated videos, suffering from visual distortions and jitter. To deal with this issue, we propose to promote the consistency of audio and image by exploring their spatiotemporal relations, and construct a Mamba-based spatiotemporal fusion scheme. Specifically, we devise an Intra-frame Mamba module to characterize facial features from the source image, which encourages the content consistence between the generated frame and the current source frame. Meanwhile, an Inter-frame Mamba module is designed to excavate the complementary information across sequential frames, which provides clues for better motion simulation. The aggregated spatiotemporal representation with audio features are then aligned with a deformation network to alleviate visual distortions and jitter. In addition, we investigate the practical composite constraints on the structure, details, and motion aspects, involving the keypoint constraint, multi-scale content constraint, and displacement constraint to promote the training stability and model performance. With the above strategies, we construct a novel Talking Head Mamba network, termed as TH-Mamba for high-quality talking head generation. Extensive experiments on the HDTF and Mead-Neutral datasets verify the superiority of our proposed TH-Mamba, which significantly outperforms the current state-of-the-art method by 0.78dB and 1.55dB in PSNR, respectively. The demo is available at https://github.com/YZX-codesky/TH-Mamba.

The Federated Domain Generalization for Person re-identification (FedDG-ReID) aims to learn a global server model that can be effectively generalized to source and target domains through distributed source domain data. Existing methods mainly improve the diversity of samples through style transformation, which to some extent enhances the generalization performance of the model. However, we discover that not all styles contribute to the generalization performance. Therefore, we define styles that are beneficial/harmful to the model's generalization performance as positive/negative styles. Based on this, new issues arise: How to effectively screen and continuously utilize the positive styles. To solve these problems, we propose a Style Screening and Continuous Utilization (SSCU) framework. Firstly, we design a Generalization Gain-guided Dynamic Style Memory (GGDSM) for each client model to screen and accumulate generated positive styles. Specifically, the memory maintains a prototype initialized from raw data for each category, then screens positive styles that enhance the global model during training, and updates these positive styles into the memory using a momentum-based approach. Meanwhile, we propose a style memory recognition loss to fully leverage the positive styles memorized by GGDSM. Furthermore, we propose a Collaborative Style Training (CST) strategy to make full use of positive styles. Unlike traditional learning strategies, our approach leverages both newly generated styles and the accumulated positive styles stored in memory to train client models on two distinct branches. This training strategy is designed to effectively promote the rapid acquisition of new styles by the client models, ensuring that they can quickly adapt to and integrate novel stylistic variations. Simultaneously, this strategy guarantees the continuous and thorough utilization of positive styles, which is highly beneficial for the model's generalization performance. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms existing methods in both the source domain and the target domain.