Despite its current relevance, there have been few attempts in Human–Computer Interaction to theorize and explore what it implies to design for movement in specific physical places. This paper explores how site-specificity can guide the design of playful public interactive installations. Based on a research in and through design approach, we present a retrospective analysis of a project in which our goal was to design an installation that encouraged playful social physical activity among students at a specific university campus site. The analysis provides insights into the design process and how the resulting installation spurred playful social gameplay. We found that the kinesthetic creativity of the members of the design team was stimulated by enacting future use together through site-specific bodystorming. The evaluation made us aware of the importance of doing large portions of the design in-situ when transforming anonymous spaces into distinctive places for playful social interaction.

In navigation applications, Artificial Intelligence (AI) can improve efficiency and decision making. It is not clear, however, how designers should account for human cooperation when integrating AI systems in navigation work. In a novel empirical study, we examine the transition in the maritime domain towards higher levels of machine autonomy. Our method involved interviewing technology designers (n = 9) and navigators aboard two partially automated ferries (n = 5), as well as collecting field observations aboard one of the ferries. The results indicated a discrepancy between how designers construed human-AI collaboration compared to navigators' own accounts in the field. Navigators reflected upon their role as one of 'backup,' defined by ad-hoc control takeovers from the automation. Designers positioned navigators 'in the loop' of a larger control system but discounted the role of in-situ skills and heuristic decision making in all but the most controlled takeover actions. The discrepancy shed light on how integration of AI systems may be better aligned to human cooperation in navigation. This included designing AI systems that render computational activities more visible and that incorporate social cues that articulate human work in its natural setting. Positioned within the field of AI alignment research, the main contribution is a formulation of human-AI interaction design insights for future navigation and control room work.

Automation transparency – the visibility of responsibilities, capabilities, goals, activities, and effects of autonomous systems – is not only important for the operator, but also relevant for other humans in the system's environment. This pictorial investigates current trends in the development of External Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) and highlights the most important factors for designing eHMIs. Further, it explores automation transparency for a self-driving passenger ferry for urban waterborne transport and how it can communicate messages about the system's perceptions, current state and future intention to nearby ships and bystanders through an eHMI. As a result of a user-centred design process, we propose a unique eHMI design making an urban autonomous passenger ferry capable of expressing its state and intention to nearby ships and humans via displays, light, and moving panels. The results of this paper can inform designers of the importance of automation transparency for autonomous waterborne transport systems.

The graphical user interfaces (GUIs) for operating heavy machinery, such as cranes, vary significantly even for the same type of machines depending on machine manufacturers or third-party suppliers who develop the GUIs. This situation leads to diverse GUIs, which require operators to train themselves every time they use GUIs from different machine manufacturers or third-party suppliers. Using significantly different GUIs may also increase the risk of human error, since the GUIs may have different rules or mechanisms that operators should follow. To improve the design consistency across different machine manufacturers and third-party suppliers, there is a need for a design system that crane manufacturers and third-party suppliers can use when developing their own GUIs. This paper presents the process of designing user interface elements for operating remote rubber-tired gantry (RTG) cranes, which will be offered as part of OpenCrane Design System.

Healthcare games are becoming increasingly popular because of their potential to improve patients' wellbeing before, during, and after medical treatment. Even though young children (here referred to as toddlers) make up a growing group of gamers, there is a lack of research focusing on healthcare games for this group. Since toddlers often express unmotivated behavior towards receiving medical treatment, the potential of healthcare gaming applications for this group should be explored. The purpose of our study is to provide a set of research-derived design considerations for healthcare games and applications for toddlers. Our approach included an initial best practices collection through a workshop involving experts from pediatric healthcare and pedagogy, and an affinity diagramming categorization by a focus group with HCI and health researchers. This resulted in a robust set of best practices that was further used for establishing a connection with game components and transformation into design considerations. As an illustrating example we present a prototype of a healthcare game developed to improve nebulizer treatment for toddlers. The final result of this work is a set of key aspects to consider when designing healthcare games and applications for toddlers. The results should be useful for designers and researchers who work in the intersection between health and young user groups.

Controlled laboratory-based usability assessments of mobile information and communications technologies (ICT) for hospitals have been conducted. As part of these assessments, clinicians have acted out mobile work scenarios and used the systems to solve related tasks. The evaluations show that relevant usability issues go beyond those of graphical user interfaces. Many of these usability issues only show up when the real-world context of use is replicated in the laboratory to a high degree of fidelity. The complexity of the context of use for mobile ICT in hospitals has motivated us to explore training simulation fidelity theories. Based on a review of the training simulation literature, a set of fidelity dimensions through which training simulations are often adjusted to meet specific goals are identified. It is argued that the same mechanisms can be used in usability assessments of mobile ICT for hospitals. Our argument is substantiated by using the identified set of fidelity dimensions in a retrospective analysis of two usability assessments. The analysis explains how the configuration of fidelity dimensions, each reflecting various degrees of realism vis-à-vis the actual performance context, contributed to the identification of relevant usability issues.

Patient-controlled health records (PCHRs) allow patients complete control over their health information. They decide who to share their information with, which makes the patient the administrator of access control. While PCHRs have a great potential for patient empowerment, they have an equally great risk for breach of privacy if consequences of sharing are not completely clear to the patient. This paper presents results from a usability evaluation study that compares three different visual interfaces for sharing in a PCHR. The goal of this study was to investigate how users understand and react to the concept of sharing. The study found that when given the opportunity to do so the users wanted to exercise detailed control. The study also indicated that defined templates for sharing in a PCHR has a lot of authority as users assume them to be created by experts and therefore "correct".