Story components, namely, events, time, participants, and their relations are present in narrative texts from different domains such as journalism, medicine, finance, and law. The automatic extraction of narrative elements encompasses several NLP tasks such as Named Entity Recognition, Semantic Role Labeling, Event Extraction, Coreference resolution, and Temporal Inference. The text2story python, an easy-to-use modular library, supports the narrative extraction and visualization pipeline. The package contains an array of narrative extraction tools that can be used separately or in sequence. With this toolkit, end users can process free text in English or Portuguese and obtain formal representations, like standard annotation files or a formal logical representation. The toolkit also enables narrative visualization as Message Sequence Charts (MSC), Knowledge Graphs, and Bubble Diagrams, making it useful to visualize and transform human-annotated narratives. The package combines the use of off-the-shelf and custom tools and is easily patched (replacing existing components) and extended (e.g. with new visualizations). It includes an experimental module for narrative element effectiveness assessment and being is therefore also a valuable asset for researchers developing solutions for narrative extraction. To evaluate the baseline components, we present some results of the main annotators embedded in our packages for datasets in English and Portuguese. We also compare the results with the extraction of narrative elements by GPT-3, a robust LLM model.

Narratives have been the subject of extensive research across various scientific fields such as linguistics and computer science. However, the scarcity of freely available datasets, essential for studying this genre, remains a significant obstacle. Furthermore, datasets annotated with narratives components and their morphosyntactic and semantic information are even scarcer. To address this gap, we developed the Text2Story Lusa datasets, which consist of a collection of news articles in European Portuguese. The first datasets consists of 357 news articles and the second dataset comprises a subset of 117 manually densely annotated articles, totaling over 50 thousand individual annotations. By focusing on texts with substantial narrative elements, we aim to provide a valuable resource for studying narrative structures in European Portuguese news articles. On the one hand, the first dataset provides researchers with data to study narratives from various perspectives. On the other hand, the annotated dataset facilitates research in information extraction and related tasks, particularly in the context of narrative extraction pipelines. Both datasets are made available adhering to FAIR principles, thereby enhancing their utility within the research community.

Studies in Social Sciences have revealed that when people evaluate someone else, their evaluations often reflect their biases.As a result, rater bias may introduce highly subjective factors that make their evaluations inaccurate.This may affect automated essay scoring models in many ways, as these models are typically designed to model (potentially biased) essay raters.While there is sizeable literature on rater effects in general settings, it remains unknown how rater bias affects automated essay scoring.To this end, we present a new annotated corpus containing essays and their respective scores.Different from existing corpora, our corpus also contains comments provided by the raters in order to ground their scores.We present features to quantify rater bias based on their comments, and we found that rater bias plays an important role in automated essay scoring.We investigated the extent to which rater bias affects models based on hand-crafted features.Finally, we propose to rectify the training set by removing essays associated with potentially biased scores while learning the scoring model.

We propose NCE, an efficient algorithm to identify and extract relevant content from news webpages. We define relevant as the textual sections that more objectively describe the main event in the article. This includes the title and the main body section, and excludes comments about the story and presentation elements.