Recent progress in 3D scene representation, including Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) and 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS), has enabled photorealistic rendering with real-time performance. Among these, 3DGS has gained attention due to its capability to represent complex scenes using Gaussian splats. However, this representation introduces significant storage challenges because each splat contains 59 attributes—far more than conventional point clouds. Efficient compression of these attributes, particularly rotation parameters, is essential for practical deployment.

Due to the huge data volume of three dimensional point clouds, efficient point cloud compression (PCC) is very important and challenging under limited storage and bandwidth conditions. The Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) is actively developing the geometry-based point cloud compression (G-PCC) standard and plan to release the second edition of G-PCC, namely Enhanced G-PCC. In image and video compression, chroma components are typically encoded at a lower resolution than luma, with minimal perceptual quality loss. However, chroma subsampling has not yet been explored in PCC. We investigate the characteristics of points at different level of details, and propose a chroma subsampling that can be embedded with the codec of Enhanced G-PCC. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art Enhanced G-PCC reference software version29.0 in terms of coding efficiency and time complexity. Due to the excellent performance, the proposed method has been adopted by the MPEG and will be integrated into the upcoming version of the reference software of Enhanced G-PCC.

This article will describe the progress since 2000 on research and development in 2-D and 3-D scalable resolution display walls that are built from tiling individual lower resolution flat panel displays. The article will describe approaches and trends in display hardware construction, middleware architecture, and user-interaction design. The article will also highlight examples of use cases and the benefits the technology has brought to their respective disciplines.