With the continuous advancement of network virtualization (NV) technology, virtual network embedding (VNE) has played a crucial role in solving network resource allocation problem. However, multi-domain elastic optical networks (MD-EONs) are increasingly facing privacy and security challenges. The centralized VNE methods lead to significant communication overhead due to their excessive reliance on central servers. Additionally, network attacks, such as eavesdropping, pose severe threats to data security. So, we propose a blockchain-assisted virtual network secure embedding (BA-VNSE) framework MD-EONs. This framework employs quantum key distribution (QKD) technology to ensure data security during transmission and leverages the blockchain technology to enhance the transparency and security of the VNE process. Furthermore, we propose a blockchain-assisted minimum cost virtual network secure embedding (BAMC-VNSE). During the virtual node embedding (VNM), the multidimensional resources of nodes are comprehensively considered to ensure effective embedding. In the virtual link embedding (VLM), the QKD paths are allowed to differ from the encrypted data transmission paths, ultimately resulting in the selection of the most cost-effective valid embedding scheme. The simulation results demonstrate that the BAMC-VNSE effectively reduces request blocking probability, embedding cost and average number of message while improving the key utilization ratio.

Heterogeneous networks based on multicolor visible light communication (VLC) and wireless fidelity (WiFi) have been considered as a key technology to achieve the capacity target in the future 6G mobile communication. However, the inter-cell interference (ICI) pattern in the multi-cell VLC scenario degrades the performance of the heterogeneous networks. To solve this problem, a multi-cell resource allocation mechanism based on interference control (MCRAMIC) is proposed, which includes a preparatory phase and an execution phase. Firstly, according to the different locations and data rate requirements of varied user equipments (UEs), the VLC access point (AP) selection algorithm based on interference avoidance and the UE priority assessment algorithm based on the requirement of UE are proposed.Then, according to the influence factor and priority factor, the multi-cell resource allocation algorithm based on interference control is proposed. According to the algorithm, the candidate VLC AP sets of the UEs are determined firstly, and the VLC APs and lightwave bands are selected for the UEs in turn. Meanwhile, some UEs are connected to the WiFi AP. Finally, the lightwave bands are further allocated to the UEs. Numeric results show that the proposed MCRAMIC outperforms the centralized resource allocation algorithm based on link conflict graph (LCG) and the resource allocation algorithm based on hypergraph theory in terms of the system throughput, UE satisfaction and service fairness.