Kangyang Luo, Yuzhuo Bai, Shuzheng Si, Cheng Gao, Zhitong Wang, Yingli Shen, Wenhao Li, Zhu Liu, Yufeng Han, Jiayi Wu, Cunliang Kong, Maosong Sun. Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers). 2026.

In smart ocean Internet of Things (IoT) systems, autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are responsible for underwater information collection. Due to the nature of the medium, the acoustic communications for AUVs are of low bandwidth and adverse environmental conditions causing severe transmission problems. In order to realize cross-media transmission from AUVs to the offshore platform, unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) have been suggested to forward the collected information in a coordinated manner. Against this backdrop, this contribution develops a cooperative USV-to-USV (U2U) cross-media cooperative communications scheme. Then, we formulate a rate maximization problem with the objective of optimizing the reputation-aware USV selection strategy. Furthermore, to characterize the impact of the mobility of AUVs/USVs, a long-term dynamic process is constructed. Meanwhile, we also develop an efficient algorithm which transforms the reputation-aided dynamic USVs selection problem into the infinite-time horizon average one restricted by time average rate constraints in the collection of penalty processes with the help of the Lyapunov optimization framework and drift-plus-penalty method. Finally, numerical results are presented to validate the convergence behavior and the performance for the designed dynamic USVs selection algorithm.

In this contribution, we consider the construction of the communication link between two terminals working on different media as underwater acoustics and traditional microwave, with the aid of a cross-media bidirectional relay. Our goal is to develop an optimal power allocation algorithm in order to minimize the outage probability. Through theoretical analysis and simulation results, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the above-mentioned cross-media structure and power optimization scheme, so as to adapt the scenario of hybrid underwater acoustic communication (UAC) and radio frequency (RF) transmission.

Abstract The hybrid visible light communication (VLC)/radio frequency (RF) communications are investigated with the aid of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) in dynamic wireless networks, where the RIS access selection processes of VLC/RF users are updated depending on the channel quality dynamically. Specifically, a dynamic optimization problem due to the mobility of users and time‐varying selection strategy is formulated. Under the constraints of the average minimum rate for VLC/RF users and the maximum transmit power constraints for VLC/RF access points (APs), the target is to minimize the average long‐term power consumption, by jointly considering the active beamforming at APs and the passive beamforming at RISs. Based on the Lyapunov optimization framework and the drift‐plus‐penalty (DPP) algorithm, the original optimization problem is transformed into corresponding short‐term problems at each frame. Furthermore, the closed form solutions with active‐passive beamforming are derived using the fractional programming method based on the Lagrangian dual theory. Finally, numerical results demonstrate the convergence and effectiveness of the proposed optimization algorithm.

In the vision of the next generation communications, the wireless devices may work on different transmission media, such as microwave and visible light. In this case, how to bridge these different devices remains an open challenge. Following the framework of [1], we consider a cross-media base station (BS) for supporting devices working on different media, as visible light and radio frequency (RF). Specifically, we conceive two criteria for power allocation toward enhanced performance, by maximizing the sum and minimum rates. Furthermore, we also analyze the impact of the position of BS to the system performance. Finally, the theoretical results are verified by simulations for supporting the effectiveness of the developed power allocation schemes in cross-media communications.