The incorporation of suitable external data from the World Wide Web offers an effective solution for enriching the data in the data warehouse (DW). However, the main challenge is the quality‐aware selection of web data sources to maintain the quality of the DW. In the previous works, the quality evaluation of web sources is through expert evaluation only, which makes it a very lengthy process. Also, since the quality model consists of mixed quality factors from diverse domains of Web, DW and underlying business, finding an expert possessing an expertise of all these domains is a huge bottleneck in the evaluation process. In order to overcome these existing issues, this study proposes a novel multi‐level approach web source evaluation with multi‐criteria decision‐making and web quality testing tools (WSEM QT ) and underlying quality model web quality model for evaluating web sources for the DW. The authors introduce automated web source quality evaluation in the first level of web source based evaluation and multiple dimensions of quality evaluation at the second level of expert‐based evaluation. At both the levels, multi‐criteria decision‐making methods are applied to the evaluation scores obtained to ascertain the ranked list of Web sources. The authors present a real‐world academic web data case study which shows that the proposed approach can be executed successfully for real‐world problems.

Maintaining large complex software is one of the major challenges faced by today's software industry.Refactoring is one way to do so.It is the process of changing internal structure of project code or software design without altering functionality.It improves software quality and reduces software entropy.This paper presents the preliminary results of an explanatory survey targeted at investigating refactoring practices by IT professionals.221 participants helped to reveal important facts about refactoring risks, benefits, limitations of tools, and how a team manages consistency between different artefacts while practising refactoring.Findings reveal that refactoring tools are under-used as they have availability, usability and trust issues.An automated system is the need of the hour to manage change consistencies, visualizing code structures, detecting code, and design smells, and performing refactorings.This study will enable researchers and developers to understand their role in a better way as prevailing issues with current state-of-art are exposed and challenges are reported.