KOSEN, which emphasizes the acquisition of practical skills from the age of 15, is a good fit with the Cyber security body of knowledge. A cyber security education proj ect has occurred at KOSEN, and a project to develop cyber security teaching materials for further teacher training is also underway. In the course of examining the learning effectiveness in this project, we obtained the knowledge that a certain amount of motivation is a critical point to improve the learning effectiveness when using our teaching materials, when cyber security education is viewed from the perspective of gamification. In this study, to make this finding even more effective, we attempted to confirm whether or not Game Based Learning (GBL) enhances motivation and improves learning effectiveness, both in our teaching materials and in teaching materials developed by others, and to gain a foothold for examining the details of the effectiveness of GBL. The validation results show that prior learning in our materials, whether developed by us or not, works effectively in subsequent learning with materials, increasing motivation and positively correlating learning effects with motivation. As a next step, we will obtain further directions for future educational development by further examining which elements contributed to motivation and which were influenced by motivation.

This paper introduces and examines the status of students’ perception of entrepreneurship education at the National Institute of Technology, Tsuruoka College. This research aims to identify and consider the factors that influence the development of entrepreneurship intention. The significance of this paper is conducting a study of students who aim to become engineers since most of the entrepreneurship education discussion happens in the field of business. Based on the theory of planned behavior, this study will conduct multiple regression analysis using SPSS software to identify the relationship between attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control with entrepreneurship intention. Results indicated that there were significant and positive effects of attitude and perceived behavior control toward entrepreneurship intention. However, there were no significant effects shown by the subjective norm. These results indicate that when conducting entrepreneurship education for students who study engineering, it is important to focus on fostering students’ attitudes and perceived behavior control. The theoretical implication is that we have extended the theory of planned behavior to examine students who are studying science and engineering from the age of 15. The practical implication of this study is that it is important to foster perceived behavior control. This study will support policymakers, educators, and researchers to foster entrepreneurship education in the engineering field.

As cyber-attacks intensify, cyber security education in engineering education is becoming increasingly important, and KOSEN, which emphasizes the acquisition of practical skills from the age of 15, is a good fit with the cyber security body of knowledge. The cyber security education project has occurred at KOSEN, and a project to develop cyber security educational materials that also serve as teacher training has been carried out for the past several years, and the educational effects of the developed educational materials have been examined. Educational methods using educational materials can be expected to improve some skills. However, when cyber security education is viewed from the perspective of gamification, motivation for the concepts of attack and defense may contribute to educational effectiveness. In this study, we discussed the motivation that contributes to the effectiveness of skill improvement in practical exercises using educational materials developed through the project we have been working on. We also discussed whether it is possible to enhance life-work balance by considering the project itself as a Role Playing Game, and obtained suggestions on the effectiveness of motivation and how the project can enhance life-work balance.

Entrepreneurship education is characterized by interactive learning linked to business and community initiatives. In entrepreneurship course, activity sessions include (1) Causation, and effectuation (2) Devil's River, Valley of Death, and Darwin's Sea, (3) Case Studies, (4) Guest Speaker Sessions, (5) Lean Startup, Business Model Canvas (BMC), Value Proposition Canvas (VPC), etc. are often addressed. The goal of entrepreneurship education is to change students' mindsets in terms of how they view innovative and risk-taking activities in business. There are several ways to measure the change derived from entrepreneurship education, including affective, cognitive, and skill-based outcomes. A previous study examined the effect of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurship in relation to three independent variables: perceived behavioral control (PBC), attitude (AT), and subjective norm (SN). Combined with the results of the Generic Skill measure, this study proposes an evaluation method for entrepreneurship education that focuses on entrepreneurship intention.

Manufacturing companies are rapidly moving toward Digitalization. As a result, today's industrial systems integrate information systems and manufacturing systems. In this context, damage caused by cyber-attacks has become apparent, and cyber-attacks on factories are increasing both in Japan and overseas. Therefore, there is an increasing need to implement cyber security measures and education in manufacturing and factories from the BCP (Business Continuity Plan) perspective, which considers safety measures for individual processes and the supply chain. The industrial automation industry is beginning to develop designs through virtual commissioning based on VR product (digital twin) models, and all of this development work is increasingly taking place in virtual space. However, no security educational materials utilize CPS (Cyber-Physical Space), which is free from time and space, based on these technologies. This research aims to develop human resources who can respond to the paradigm shift and realize a suitable environment for cyber security education by constructing a remote training environment using VR product technology that can actually be used in student experiments and practical training.

Cyber-attacks are on the rise, and the advent of COVID-19 has changed work styles, leading to an increase in cyber-attacks targeting remote workers. This situation is the same in the world and in Japan, and the development of cyber security personnel and their training to face the attackers who can respond to the social situation is desired all over the world. The National Institute of Technology (KOSEN) is known not only in Japan but also in the world as the only institution of higher learning in the world where students can freely study engineering for five years from the age of 15. The technical framework of cybersecurity and the KOSEN education, which is based on the acquisition of practical skills, go hand in hand, and KOSEN is an important higher education institution that plays a part in the cybersecurity human resource development strategy in Japan. In 2015, KOSEN launched the KOSEN Security Educational Community (K-SEC) to initiate cybersecurity education for KOSEN students. This project has two objectives: one is to develop excellent cyber security personnel for qualitative improvement. The second is to develop a large number of KOSEN students who have systematically acquired security knowledge for the purpose of quantitative expansion. In 2019, a new project, Highly Advanced Cybersecurity for KOSEN (HACK), was launched within K-SEC to accelerate the achievement of the two objectives of K-SEC. HACK is a project based on a simple idea: to strengthen KOSEN faculty in order to develop strong students with practical cybersecurity skills. Participating faculty members will develop cyber range materials. The development of the cyber range will contribute to the understanding of both attacker and defender scenarios and the acquisition of advanced security knowledge and skills. In the previous paper, we reported on the results of the first year of HACK (2019). The faculty development plan, which mainly focused on cyber range development, contributed to the motivation and skill development of the faculty. The cyber range as a deliverable was also obtained. This paper reports on the outcomes of the second year (2020) of HACK activities. Within the faculty development plan, which mainly focused on cyber range development as in the first year, we used the deliverables of the first year to give lectures to KOSEN students to measure the educational effects. During the cyber range development, there were some knowledge and skills that the faculty intended to have the KOSEN students improve their skills. Therefore, the focus of the study was to see if the faculty members’ intended skills would be improved when they gave lectures to the KOSEN students using the teaching materials. As it turned out, we were able to achieve this goal, and we were able to improve the skills of the KOSEN students as intended by the faculty. Furthermore, it was not only possible to control the skills to be improved by the content of the teaching materials, but also by the way the lectures were delivered. In addition, by selecting the theme of the cyber range development, we were able to achieve the intended skill improvement for the faculty. Through the implementation of HACK until the second year, we were able to identify many factors for skill improvement. In the third and fourth years of the program, we will continue to look for factors that can be used to further improve specific skills, and at the same time, we will explore the relationship with motivation, which is expected to contribute greatly to educational effectiveness.

The ultrasonic sensors are widely used for vehicles to extract obstacles in the scene. They can obtain the distance to the object directly at a low cost even in harsh environments. However, since the information from a single ultrasonic sensor is very limited, it has not been used for recovering the detailed 3D structure and semantic labels of the scene, unlike in-vehicle cameras or LiDARs. Therefore, we in this paper propose a method for recovering the dense 3D structure and semantic labels of the scene from a moving ultrasonic sensor mounted on a vehicle. Our method uses the raw profiles of the ultrasonic sensor signals and learns the relationship between the raw ultrasonic signals and the 3D scene using multi-task learning. As a result, our method can recover the dense 3D structure and semantic labels of the scene similar to what we would recover with cameras and LiDARs just from a single moving ultrasonic sensor. The efficiency of the proposed method is tested using real sensor data as well as synthetic sensor data.

Threats of cyber attacks are rampant all over the world. The threats are getting stronger year by year. In 2015, the National Institute of Technology (KOSEN) launched the KOSEN Security Educational Community (K-SEC) and started cyber security training for KOSEN students. This project has two main purposes that one is outstanding cyber security human resource development which objects for improving quality and other one is fostering many KOSEN students who have systematically acquired security knowledge which objects for quantitative expansion. As part of K-SEC, research of cyber security human resource development education has been promoted. A new project ”Highly Advanced Cybersecurity for KOSEN (HACK) ” has been launched within K-SEC to accelerate the achievement of the two main purposes since 2019. HACK is a project based on the simple idea of strengthening KOSEN technical staff in order to foster strong students who have acquired practical cyber security skills. The plan is a three-year plan. HACK has three main objectives which are improving faculties ' and technical staffs' skills, the development excellent teaching materials based on the skills and to create both skills and human resources network. The success of HACK is important to contribute not only to security education but also to the examination of KOSEN or engineering education centered on practical education. In this paper, we will evaluate the effectiveness and legal theory of cyber security practice education for faculty and technical staff who participate the IT course in the first year. In addition, we will verify the effect of improving the skills of each faculty member in the off-season until the start of the second year. Furthermore, we will also consider whether the cyber security skills of the entire technical college have improved in the fiscal year. This year, we are proceeding with the project for the second year. In the second year, based on the results of the first year, we will evaluate, consider and examine for the improvement of the educational content toward the third year, which is the completion year. The evaluation includes the validity of the schedule. We also achieved a certain level of success in the development of teaching materials. This project is in good condition for the continuation of the plan and consideration of new items for the next year and after next year. In this paper, we report on the process of building this sustainable and effective cybersecurity education methodology suitable for KOSEN faculty and staff, and thus for students.

In this paper, we propose a method of visualizing 3D motion with zero latency. This method achieves motion visualization by projecting special high-frequency light patterns on moving objects without using any feedback mechanisms. For this objective, we focus on the time integration of light rays in the sensing system of observers. It is known that the visual system of human observers integrates light rays in a certain period. Similarly, the image sensor in a camera integrates light rays during the exposure time. Thus, our method embeds multiple images into a time-varying light field, such that the observer of the time-varying light field observes completely different images according to the dynamic motion of the scene. Based on this concept, we propose a method of generating special high-frequency patterns of projector lights. After projection onto target objects with projectors, the image observed on the target changes automatically depending on the motion of the objects and without any scene sensing and data analysis. In other words, we achieve motion visualization without the time delay incurred during sensing and computing.

In this paper, we propose a novel method for measuring the temporal modulation of lights by using off-the-shelf cameras. In particular, we show that the invisible flicker patterns of various lights such as fluorescent lights can be measured by a simple combination of an off-the-shelf camera and any moving object with specular reflection. Unlike the existing methods, we do not need high speed cameras nor specially designed coded exposure cameras. Based on the extracted flicker patterns of environment lights, we also propose an efficient method for deblurring motion blurs in images. The proposed method enables us to deblur images with better frequency characteristics, which are induced by the flicker patterns of environment lights. The real image experiments show the efficiency of the proposed method.

We utilized KIPS (Kaspersky Industrial Protection Simulation) to KOSEN students as a means to learn practical OT security educational contents with gamification. KIPS is the board game is that players have to protect ICT system and OT system from cyber threats. KOSEN is the institution of higher education in Japan which has the unique educational system that students study professional skills and knowledge from fifteen years old. We found the possibility that our students can learn practical OT security and ICT security with KIPS based on which they have already learned basic ICT security skills and knowledge. Furthermore, this learning made our students notice that the importance of practical OT security and it stands on the availability. Moreover, we have to examine more effective educational method by analyzing whether what skills and thoughts influence to learning method with KIPS, and create the way to insert the contents appropriately. We also found that our students have great motivation on playing KIPS and after. From analyzing the scenario and the tendency of action and selection on playing KIPS, we can organize the skills which students can learn in a considerable form. The educational method using KIPS with gamification has extremely high effect. In order for KOSEN students to be strong engineer and keep the pot boiling on industry, it is necessary that we have to examine the educational framework for the next stage.

Practice experimental skills are important for students at technical colleges, and it is necessary to visualize experimental skills by evaluating student achievement. In this research, experimental evaluation sheets and skill sheets have been used to clarify the metrics of experiment and indicate student achievement level. The questionnaires using rubric for experimental skills were sent out, and evaluation performed by lecturers and students at Tsuruoka Colleges, Japan was collected. Comparing evaluation between lecturers and students, the utility of experimental skill sheets and the importance of evaluation sheets have been examined. Further, a visualization has been developed, that represents the skills of students, so that lecturers are able to improve their guiding of students.

The total number of students, who graduate from all the colleges of National Institute of Technology (NIT) Japan, is over 10,000 every year. The college graduates are highly evaluated from the industrial world for over 50 years. In order for the students to acquire high skills, the curriculum in NIT should be combined lectures with experiments and/or practical trainings. However, the skills of experiments and practical trainings are implicit know-how up to now. Therefore, we make the skills be explicit knowledge for improvement of skills. In this paper, we propose a method to visualize the skills, and we introduce an approach to decide the level of achievement of experiments and practical training skills. This approach is almost based on original lab manuals, but in order to evaluate of ICT and Software skills, we attempt to use "i Competency Dictionary". In order to propose our methods, we checked and evaluated over 300 lab manuals. The experimental skill-sheets and the evaluation-sheets that are the vital part of our methods, have been developed using the learning items, which derived from those manuals in manually. It is possible to visualize each student's skills by defining evaluation standard with the sheets. The evaluation standard is one of the tools to guide students to their final target effectively and clearly. Using our methods, the level of achievement and the motivation of students' skills will be improved drastically in the experimental subjects and practical trainings.

In this paper, we propose a new camera model for reconstructing 3D objects under light ray distortion caused by refractive medias. The proposed method can reconstruct 3D scene, even if light rays projected into the cameras are refracted by the refractive media, such as glasses and raindrops. For this objective, we represent light ray projection of multiple cameras by using a pair of planes shared by the multiple cameras in the scene. By using this model, intrinsic and extrinsic camera parameters as well as the refractive properties of the refractive media can be represented efficiently. By using the newly defined camera model, we propose a method for recovering 3D points and camera parameters with refractive properties simultaneously. The experimental results show the efficiency of the proposed camera model and reconstruction method.

It is known that time-to-contact toward objects can be estimated just from changes in the object size in camera images, and we do not need any additional information, such as camera parameters and motions. However, the existing methods for measuring the time-to-contact are based on geometric image features, such as corners and edge lines, and thus they cannot be used when there are no geometric features in images. In this paper, we propose a new method for computing the time-to-contact from photometric information in images. When a light source moves in the 3D scene, an observed intensity changes according to the motion of the light source. In this paper, we analyze the change in photometric information in images, and show that the time-to-contact can be estimated just from the changes in intensity in images. Our method does not need any additional information, such as radiance of light source, reflectance of object and orientation of object surface. The proposed method can be used in various applications, such as vehicle driver assistance.

It's lacking the indexes of evaluation to the experiments which are the advantage of National Institute of Technology, Japan (in the following, NIT). The features of NIT will be appearing that we make it clearly attainment targets and the indexes of evaluation. Then we can expect the effects of the feeling of achievement and the will because of visualizing student's skill by the indexes of evaluation. Moreover, it will be able to improve the education of utilizing the Skill-Sheet. We proposed the introduction method of evaluation to the experiments.

Recent digital fabrication tools have opened up accessibility to personalized rapid prototyping; however, such tools are limited to product-scale objects. The materials currently available for use in 3D printing are too fine for large-scale objects, and CNC gantry sizes limit the scope of printable objects. In this paper, we propose a new method for printing architecture-scale objects. Our proposal includes three developments: (i) a construction material consisting of chopsticks and glue, (ii) a handheld chopstick dispenser, and (iii) a printing guidance system that uses projection mapping. The proposed chopstickglue material is cost effective, environmentally sustainable, and can be printed more quickly than conventional materials. The developed handheld dispenser enables consistent feeding of the chopstickglue material composite. The printing guidance system --- consisting of a depth camera and a projector --- evaluates a given shape in real time and indicates where humans should deposit chopsticks by projecting a simple color code onto the form under construction. Given the mechanical specifications of the stickglue composite, an experimental pavilion was designed as a case study of the proposed method and built without scaffoldings and formworks. The case study also revealed several fundamental limitations, such as the projector does not work in daylight, which requires future investigations.

In this paper, we propose a method for finding the corresponding patches across multiple images using tensor consistency check. We assume image correspondences are unknown and the camera sensitivity parameters on intensity are uncalibrated. A patch is defined to be a 2D array/grid of points on a 3D surface. We assume a set of patches are obtained for each view, but the correspondence of individual patches across multiple images is not known. For finding correspondence of these patches, we consider a camera projection model which combines the geometric and photometric information of objects. Furthermore, we consider camera projections in frequency space. By deriving multi view relations in frequency space, we show that we can correctly find the corresponding image patches of 3D surfaces across multiple images. The efficiency of the proposed method is tested using real images.

Stereo reconstruction generally requires image correspondence such as point and line correspondences in multiple images. Cameras need to be synchronized to obtain corresponding points of time-varying shapes. However, the image information obtained from synchronized multiple cameras is redundant, and has limitations with resolution. In this paper, we show that by using a set of unsynchronized cameras instead of synchronized one, we can obtain much more information on 3D motions, and can reconstruct higher frequency 3D motions than that with the standard synchronized cameras. As a result, we can attain super resolution 3D reconstruction from unsynchronized cameras. In the standard reconstruction with multiple cameras, the cameras are synchronized, and observe the same set of M sequential points in 3D space as shown in Fig. 1 (a). Thus, the maximum frequency fS of 3D motion, which can be recovered from camera images, is fS < 1 2 M. If we observe the same 3D motion by using K unsynchronized cameras, we observe K×M different points in the 3D space as shown in Fig. 1 (b). As a result, all the 2KM observations from K cameras are independent of one another, unlike those from the synchronized cameras. Thus, we have a possibility of reconstructing 3D points up to 2 3 KM. Therefore, the maximum frequency fU of recoverable 3D motion is fU < 1 3 KM. Thus, we find that the unsynchronized cameras have a possibility of reconstructing 3 K times higher frequency 3D motion than the synchronized cameras as follows:

In this paper, we propose a method for detecting abnormal driving of vehicles, such as meandering, transverse motion and acceleration/deceleration. In particular, we extract abnormal vehicle motions in the sense of group behavior by using multilinear relationship in space-time images. The multilinear relationship in space-time images holds when multiple cameras move with translational motions in different direction with different speed. Therefore abnormal drivings, which are not translational motion with uniform velocity, do not meet the requirement, and the multilinear relationship in space-time images does not hold. We focus on this property, and define the degree of abnormality, which is used for detecting abnormal drivings. The efficiency of the proposed method is shown by real image experiments.

In this paper, we propose a method for calibrating relative position and orientation of multiple unsynchronized cameras from general moving points. If the sampling times of multiple cameras are different from each other, there is no corresponding point in the images of moving points and we cannot calibrate these cameras. In this paper we analyze geometric relationships of multiple cameras in the frequency space, and show that they enable us to calibrate multiple unsynchronized cameras accurately even if exact corresponding points do not exist in images. The proposed method does not require any interpolation of moving points in images.

In this paper, we analyze the multiple view geometry for a camera and mirrors, and propose a method for computing the geometry of the camera and mirrors accurately from fewer corresponding points than the existing methods. The geometry between a camera and mirrors can be described as the multiple view geometry for a real camera and virtual cameras. We show that very strong constraints on geometries can be obtained in addition to the ordinary multilinear constraints. By using these constraints, we can estimate multiple view geometry more accurately from fewer corresponding points than usual. The experimental results show the efficiency of the proposed method.

In this paper, we derive a novel multilinear relationship for close light sources and cameras. In this multilinear relationship, image intensities and image point coordinates can be handled in a single framework. We first derive a linear representation of image intensity taken under a general close light source. We next analyze multiple view geometry among close light sources and cameras, and derive novel multilinear constraints among image intensity and image coordinates. In particular, we study the detail of the multilinear relationship among 7 lights and a camera. Finally, we show some experimental results, and show that the new multilinear relationship can be used for linearly generating images illuminated by arbitrary close light sources.

This paper presents a tensorial representation of multiple projective cameras with arbitrary curvilinear motions. It enables us to define multilinear relationship of image points derived from non-rigid object motions viewed from multiple cameras with arbitrary curvilinear motions. We show the new multilinear relationship is useful for generating images of non-rigid object motions viewed from cameras with arbitrary curvilinear motions. The method is tested in real image sequences.

In this paper, we propose a method for projecting images onto non-planar screens by using projector-camera systems eliminating distortion in projected images. In this system, point-to-point correspondences in a projector image and a camera image should be extracted. For finding correspondences, the epipolar geometry between a projector and a camera is used. By using dynamic programming method on epipolar lines, correspondences between projector image and camera image are obtained. Furthermore, in order to achieve faster and more robust matching, the non-planar screen is approximately represented by a B-spline surface. The small number of parameters for the B-spline surface are estimated from corresponding pixels on epipolar lines rapidly. Experimental results show the proposed method works well for projecting images onto non-planar screens.

Recently, Shadow Graph has been proposed for recovering 3D shapes from shadows projected on curved surfaces. Unfortunately, this method requires a large computational cost. In this paper, we introduce 1D Shadow Graph which can be used for recovering 3D shapes with much smaller computational costs. We also extend our method, so that we can estimate both 3D shapes and light source positions simultaneously under a condition where 3D shapes and light sources are unknown.

In this paper, we propose a new calibration method for projector-camera systems. The projector-camera systems have been studied extensively as one of new information presenting systems. For calibrating the systems, we in this paper use virtual mutual projections between a camera and a projector. We first show that by using a shadow of the camera, we can generate mutual projection between a camera and a projector virtually. By using the mutual projection, the projector camera system can be calibrated more stably than the existing calibration methods. Some experimental results show that the mutual projections work quite well for calibrating projector-camera systems.

The multiple view geometry in space-time can represent multiple view geometry in the case where non-rigid arbitrary motions are viewed from multiple translational cameras. However, it requires many corresponding points and is sensitive to the image noise. In this paper, we investigate mutual projections of cameras in four-dimensional space, and show it enables us to reduce the number of corresponding points required for computing the multiple view geometry in space-time. Surprisingly, we no longer need any corresponding points for computing the multiple view geometry in space-time, if all the cameras are projected to the other cameras mutually for two time intervals. We also show that the stability of the computation of multiple view geometry in space-time is drastically improved by considering the mutual projections of cameras.

The visual motions are very important for understanding dynamic actions and for extracting dynamic events from video sequences. Recently, it was shown that some invariants on motions can be extracted from sequential images and these can be applied for recognizing motions from images viewed from arbitrary viewpoints. Unfortunately, invariants were limited for planar motions viewed from affine cameras. In this paper, we propose a method for computing invariants on non-planar motions viewed from perspective cameras. The extracted invariants are applied for distinguishing D motions from video sequences viewed from arbitrary viewpoints.

The airborne interferometric SAR technique enables us to generate a digital elevation model (DEM). However, in the mountainous area with steep terrain, we cannot obtain some DEM data because of radar shadowing, layover, etc. To generate the complete DEM of the observed area, it is necessary to observe with different incident angles and directions, and compound some DEMs obtained from the data of different incident angles and directions. In addition, if we use a light airplane, which is much affected by turbulence, the generated DEM contains large height errors caused by the intense body motion. Therefore, in case of the map projection, location errors are caused. As a result, it is very difficult to compound the DEM with accuracy. The volcanic eruption of Miyake Island in Japan occurred in July 2000, caused large-scale cave-in. We observed the crater by airborne interferometric SAR with two different incident angles from four directions in order to generate the DEM of the inside of the crater. After data acquisition, we tried to improve the accuracy of the DEM. The method is to iterate the following process, namely motion compensation considered to the rough target height in the azimuth compression in time domain and the interferometric SAR processing. Then, we were able to generate a comparatively accurate DEM, which covers the whole of Miyake Island with the inside height information of the crater.

In this paper, the effectiveness of the ASIP (Application Specific Instruction set Processor) design system PEAS-III is evaluated through experiments. Examples in experiments are a MIPS R3000 compatible processor, DLX, a simple RISC controller, and PEAS-I core. While they are simple in-order pipelined processors, they have enough facilities for real embedded system design. Through experiments, easiness of design and modification for improvement and design quality in terms of performance and hardware cost are discussed. It has been confirmed that the design method used in PEAS-III is effective to design space exploration for simple pipelined processors.

In this paper, an architectural level processor design environment PEAS-III is proposed. Pipelined processors designed by this system can include multi-cycle operation, delayed branch and external interrupt. The data path and control logic of the processor are generated from the clock based micro-operation description of instructions. The ease of large design space exploration through experiments using several subsets of MIPS R3000 instruction set.

We propose a method for controlling mouse pointers on unknown computer displays by the face motions of the computer user viewed from uncalibrated cameras. Especially, we show that by considering affine projections on computer displays, we can derive one-to-one correspondences between gaze positions on displays and the projections of face features in images. The proposed method is implemented and tested in real time experiments.

We propose a method for navigating robots by pointing specific positions in the 3D space. In previous work of visual navigation, calibration of cameras and robots are required. In this paper, we propose a method which enables us to navigate uncalibrated mobile robots from uncalibrated stereo cameras. Especially, we show how to control both rotations and translations for navigating uncalibrated robots to specific positions. The proposed method is implemented and tested by navigating a mobile robot in real time.

In this paper, we consider uncalibrated reconstruction of curved surfaces from apparent contours. Since apparent contours are not fixed features (viewpoint independent), we cannot directly apply the recent results of the uncalibrated reconstruction from fixed features. We show that, nonetheless, curved surfaces can be reconstructed up to an affine ambiguity from their apparent contours viewed from uncalibrated cameras with unknown linear translations. Furthermore, we show that, even if the reconstruction is nonmetric (non-Euclidean), we can still extract useful information for many computer vision applications just from the apparent contours. We first show that if the camera motion is linear translation (but arbitrary direction and magnitude), the epipolar geometry can be recovered from the apparent contours without using any optimization process. The extracted epipolar geometry is next used for reconstructing curved surfaces from the deformations of the apparent contours viewed from uncalibrated cameras. The result is applied to distinguishing curved surfaces from fixed features in images. It is also shown that the time-to-contact to the curved surfaces can be computed from simple measurements of the apparent contours.

In this paper, we show that even if the camera is uncalibrated, and its translational motion is unknown, curved surfaces can be reconstructed from their apparent contours up to a 3D affine ambiguity. Furthermore, we show that even if the reconstruction is nonmetric (non-Euclidean), we can still extract useful information for many computer vision applications just from the apparent contours. We first show that if the camera undergoes pure translation (unknown direction and magnitude), the epipolar geometry can be recovered from the apparent contours without using any search or optimisation process. The extracted epipolar geometry is next used for reconstructing curved surfaces from the deformations of the apparent contours viewed from uncalibrated cameras. The result is applied to distinguishing curved surfaces from fixed features in images. It is also shown that the time-to-contact to the curved surfaces can be computed from simple measurements of the apparent contours. The proposed method is implemented and tested on real images of curved surfaces.

In this paper, we propose integral invariants based on group invariant parameterisation. The new invariants do not suffer from occlusion problems, do not require any correspondence of image features unlike existing algebraic invariants, and are less sensitive to noise than differential invariants. Our framework applies affine differential geometry to derive novel affine integral invariants. The new in-variants are exploited for extracting the symmetry axes of planar objects viewed under weak perspective. The proposed method is tested on natural leaves and is shown to extract symmetry axes reliably.

We propose integral invariants based on a group invariant parameterisation. These new invariants do not suffer from the occlusion problem, do not require any correspondence of image features unlike algebraic invariants, and are less sensitive to noise than differential invariants. Affine differential geometry is applied to this framework, and novel affine integral invariants are derived. A quasi-invariant parameterisation enables us to reduce the order of derivatives required. The proposed invariants are applied for extracting corresponding contour curves of natural images. The noise sensitivity of the proposed invariants is compared with that of differential invariants.

A novel framework for ASIP (application specific integrated processor) development is proposed. The system accepts a set of example programs written in the C language and their expected data as input, and profiles these programs both statically and dynamically. Then taking advantage of the profiled results, the system decides the instruction set and hardware architectures of ASIP, and synthesizes the CPU core design of the ASIP, as well as the software development tools for the ASIP such as compiler and simulator.>