Although HCI research indicates that lived experiences should be considered in technologies for type 1 diabetes (T1D) management, technologies and prevailing concepts for “successful” management continue to focus narrowly on metrics for improving blood glucose, rather than a holistic understanding of life with T1D. T1D shapes every aspect of life, including personal priorities, values, and needs, making it highly personal and manifesting in different practices. We conducted semi-structured interviews, a 5-day diary study, and a workshop with 10 individuals with T1D to elicit and reflect on different ways of living with T1D. Based on these accounts, we conceptualize self-management styles as a multidimensional construct spanning seven dimensions: values and prioritization, planning, risk-taking, rhythm of care, openness to experiment and learn, engagement in tracking, and success definitions. We contribute an account of these dimensions that designers can use as a lens for developing T1D technologies that support personal ways of living with T1D, foregrounding lived experience and outlining implications for HCI research.

Active and Assisted Living (AAL) technologies aim to enhance the quality of life of older adults and promote successful aging. While video-based AAL solutions offer rich capabilities for better healthcare management in older age, they pose significant privacy risks. To mitigate the risks, we developed a video-based monitoring system that incorporates different privacy-preserving filters. We deployed the system in one assistive technology center and conducted a qualitative study with older adults and other stakeholders involved in care provision. Our study demonstrates diverse users’ perceptions and experiences with video-monitoring technology and offers valuable insights for the system’s further development. The findings unpack the privacy-versus-safety trade-off inherent in video-based technologies and discuss how the privacy-preserving mechanisms within the system mitigate privacy-related concerns. The study also identifies varying stakeholder perspectives towards the system in general and highlights potential avenues for developing video-based monitoring technologies in the AAL context.

Non-profit approaches in the sharing economy are proliferating in everyday life (e.g., tool libraries, food sharing collectives). They focus on promoting social, economic, and ecological sustainability within local communities. However, prior research uncovered emergent challenges of these communities that prevent their endurance and growth. Despite growing academic interest in studying these communities, designers found it difficult to effectively adopt newly generated knowledge in practice. Addressing the research-practice gap, we developed a translational resource for design practitioners to conceptualize new value-added features for supporting technologies in the sharing economy context. Specifically, we synthesized emergent challenges in non-profit sharing economy communities and key social and environmental sustainability efforts in design research into a familiar format for designers – the card-based toolkit to support generative design activities. Beyond introducing the toolkit, we offer a “how-to” guide for its adoption in collaborative settings.

While scalability and growth are key concerns for mainstream, venture-backed digital platforms, local and location-oriented collaborative economies are diverse in their approaches to evolving and achieving social change. Their aims and tactics differ when it comes to broadening their activities across contexts, spreading their concept, or seeking to make a bigger impact by promoting co-operation. This paper draws on three pairs of European, community-centred initiatives which reveal alternative views on scale, growth, and impact. We argue thatproliferation -- a concept that emphasises how something gets started and then travels in perhaps unexpected ways -- offers an alternative toscaling, which we understand as the use of digital networks in a monocultural way to capture an ever-growing number of participants. Considering proliferation is, thus, a way to reorient and enrich discussions on impact, ambitions, modes of organising, and the use of collaborative technologies. In illustrating how these aspects relate inprocesses of proliferation, we offer CSCW an alternative vision of technology use and development that can help us make sense of the impact of sharing and collaborative economies, and design socio-technical infrastructures to support their flourishing.

The use of fitness apps (some based on behavior change theories) is increasing. Recently a taxonomy mapped app features to the Basic Psychological Needs (BPNs) posited by the Self-Determination Theory (SDT), providing the opportunity to inform the design of fitness apps by this theory of human motivation. However, it is unknown if the user’s perceptions of such SDT-based design would support the BPNs. This is important as the SDT states that interventions supporting the BPNs produce long-term benefits. Following the taxonomy of app features based on SDT, we designed and developed Agon, an iPhone app. We deployed the app through a one-month field study involving 49 participants. The study allowed participants to use the app in their everyday lives, providing sufficient exposure for us to capture meaningful perceptions. This work contributes empirical evidence that the features included in our design correctly mapped to the Basic Psychological Needs. We discuss implications for researchers and designers targeting effective interventions.

Many non-profit peer-to-peer exchange arrangements and profit-driven, multi-sided online marketplaces leverage underutilized resources, such as tools, to optimize their use to capacity. They often rely on a digital platform in pursuit of their social aspirations and/or economic objectives. We report on a field study of a local sharing community that employs a set of stickers illustrating different household items, typically placed on community members' mailboxes, along with complementary digital tools. The stickers are used to communicate the availability of resources among neighbors to facilitate social encounters and to encourage sustainable use and re-use of shared resources. Through in-depth qualitative interviews with sixteen participants, we describe the opportunities and limitations of this approach to peer-to-peer exchange. We offer insights for designers of resource sharing communities into facilitating face-to-face encounters and the online interactions needed to support them.

Sharing economy services have become increasingly popular. In addition to various well-known for-profit activities in this space (e.g., ride and apartment sharing), many community groups and non-profit organizations offer collections of shared things (e.g., books, tools) that explicitly aim to benefit local communities. We expect that both non-profit and for-profit approaches will see an increased use in the future. To support designers in devising new sharing economy services, we developed the Sharing Economy Design Cards, a design toolkit in the form of a card deck. We present two deployments of the cards: (1) in individual interviews with 16 designers and sharing economy domain experts; and (2) in two workshops with 5 participants each. Our findings show that the use of the cards not only facilitates the creation of future sharing platforms and services in a collaborative setting, but also helps to evaluate existing sharing economy services as an individual activity.

An increasing number of non-profit groups and organizations have formed "libraries" of shared things to leverage the collaborative use of underutilized resources (e.g., power tools) for the benefit of local communities. Their key challenges are the transience and anonymity of their members, and how to nurture creative interactions among them. We designed and developed Roaming Objects, an interactive system aimed at supporting the capture and sharing of equipment-use experiences among these members. We deployed the system for two months in a tool-sharing cooperative to explore how it may help to address these challenges. We offer insights into how resource sharing cooperatives and collectives could be better supported, by proposing design opportunities that facilitate sharing both physical objects and digital information about their use.

Today's sensor-rich mobile and wearable devices allow us to seamlessly capture an increasing amount of our daily experiences in digital format. This process can support human memory by producing "memory cues", e.g., an image or a sound that can help trigger our memories of a past event. However, first-person captures such as those coming from wearable cameras are not always ideal for triggering remembrance. One interesting option is thus to combine our own capture streams with those coming from co-located peers, in or even infrastructure sensors (e.g., a surveillance camera) in order to create more powerful memory cues. Given the significant privacy and security concerns of a system that shares personal experience streams with co-located peers, we developed a tangible user interface (TUI) that allows users to in-situ control the capture and sharing of their experience streams through a set of five physical gestures. We report on the design of the device, as well as the results of a user study with 20 participants that evaluated its usability and efficiency in the context of a meeting capture. Our results show that our TUI outperforms a comparable smartphone application, but also uncovers user concerns regarding the need for additional control devices.

While outdoor sport activities keep gaining popularity as part of a global trend to maintain a healthier lifestyle, current technology offers limited support for activity-specific needs. Therefore, a greater understanding of information sharing behaviours is necessary in order to build comprehensive, socially-embedded sports applications. To this purpose, we interviewed 46 practitioners in three outdoor sports: trail running, climbing, and skiing. Our qualitative study investigates how participants share information in the context of outdoor sports and how current technology supports this practice. Through thematic analysis, we derived five themes that describe the current information sharing practices: nature, risk and planning, content selection, audience selection, and privacy. Based on these themes, we present five recommendations for design that can inform, inspire and refine future sharing technologies for outdoor sport.

We propose to design playful solutions to help young people better understand the consequences of their use of language in a community of peers. Our system, CARE, will analyse the content of their messages and extract the emotions they are charged with, both in terms of strength (arousal) and valence (negative or positive). Their effects will be translated visually in forms suitable for the different age groups. A positive reinforcement policy will be in place where good behaviour results in awards and popularity among a restricted circle of friends. Finally a simple and cheap wearable device will be offered to young persons willing to be alerted in case they get into an aggressive mood so to raise their awareness and help control themselves better.

Winter sports like skiing and snowboarding are often group activities. Groups of skiers and snowboarders traditionally use paper maps or board-mounted larger-scale maps near ski lifts to aid decision making: which slope to take next, where to have lunch, or what hazards to avoid when going off-piste. To enrich those static maps with personal content (e.g., pictures, prior routes taken, or hazards encountered), we developed SkiAR - a wearable augmented reality system that allows groups of skiers and snowboarders to share such content on a printed panoramic resort map. The contribution of our work is twofold: (1) we developed a system that offers a novel way to review and share personal content in situ while on the slope using a resort map; (2) we report on the results from a qualitative analysis of two user studies to inform the design and validate the usability and perceived usefulness of our prototype.

Mobility and independence are key aspects for self-determined living in today's world and demographic change presents the challenge to retain these aspects for the aging population. Augmented Reality (AR) user interfaces might support the elderly, for example, when navigating as pedestrians or by explaining how devices and mobility aids work and how they are maintained. This poster reports on the results of practical field tests with elderly subjects testing handheld AR applications. The main finding is that common handheld AR user interfaces are not suited for the elderly because they require the user to hold up the device so the back-facing camera captures the object or environment related to which digital information shall be presented. Tablet computers are too heavy and they do not provide sufficient grip to hold them over a long period of time. One possible alternative is using head-mounted displays (HMD). We present the promising results of a user test evaluating whether elderly people can deal with AR interfaces on a lightweight HMD. We conclude with an outlook to improved handheld AR user interfaces that do not require continuously holding up the device, which we hope are better suited for the elderly.

The advent of the mobile device has propelled education, adoption and implementation of Augmented Reality on a massive scale. The success and evolution of this event and the underlying technology over the last 5 years is nearly indisputable proof that the industry is progressing, though incredible examples of useful augmented reality applications are yet to be explored. The ability to recognize images, markers and 3D objects is one of the most important aspects of Augmented Reality. With present work we are proposing three application examples, which make recognition and visual search more intuitive, natural and accessible.

This paper presents a unique media content sharing ecosystem based on seamlessly established communication sessions between a device such as cellular phone and a remote web-enabled device with a larger display.