This scoping review examines the past decade of research at the intersection of democracy, technology and design. Analysing 170 articles across Scopus, the ACM Digital Library, and the DRS Digital Library, we investigate how this research relates to democracy and how democratic values are conceptualised and enacted through interactive systems. We identify four dominant orientations: technology as democratic repair, as risk, as co-constitutive of democratic practices, and as embedded in everyday collective action and lived practices. Across these, we reveal a persistent misalignment: while democratic values are frequently invoked, much of the work reduces democracy to technical or procedural problems, prioritising optimisation over power, relationality, and lived practice. As a result, key dimensions such as collective agency, structural inequalities, and infrastructural conditions remain under-addressed, offering novel opportunities for HCI research. We argue that democratic technology design should advance better alignment fostering responsibility, participation, equity, and transparency in sociotechnical systems.

Abstract This study investigates issues of (KES) in conventional manufacturing processes concerning the use of welding. In view of the shortage of skilled workers and the advancing digitalisation processes in welding, it is essentially relevant to identify how KES takes place. Based on an in-depth study, the possibilities of digital assistance systems to support KES in welding are discussed. The novelty of our contribution lies in the use of a (CSCW) perspective to understand how welding practices can be supported and shared among co-workers. Such practices, as made evidence across the contribution, have particular aspects that make them unique in comparison with other practices in the metal-working industry. Technologies that are already available offer promising possibilities to the challenges faced by KES in welding and have the potential to shape a third generation of KES. While operational activities can benefit from visual digital support, administrative and managerial tasks primarily require better access to relevant information and a better understanding of the practice. Our contribution offers valuable insights for the further development of KES in industrial manufacturing processes and show potential for the targeted use of innovative technologies in welding. It also adds to the CSCW body of literature on KES, by contributing an empirical study on a domain not well explored in the field.

While an increasing body of computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) literature has been examining false information on social media through its spread, correction, or enabling affordances, less attention has been paid to how false information becomes meaningful within the mundane, situated flows of everyday life. This article presents a phenomenological study of young adults’ experiences with false information across X, Instagram, and YouTube. By examining the lifeworld dimensions of embodiment, sociality, spatiality, and temporality, we demonstrate how sense-making and credibility judgments emerge from relational encounters, habitual patterns, platform-specific expectations, and accumulated past experiences. Our findings expand the current state of CSCW research by redefining false information as a lived, relational, and evolving phenomenon shaped by everyday social and technological practices. We argue that media literacy should be viewed as an experiential and dynamic process influenced by the temporal, spatial, and social contexts of digital environments and discuss implications for the design of technology for improving both individual and collaborative sense-making in regard to false information.

Abstract In this article, we present findings concerning how environment can both impact upon and be impacted by knowledge and expertise sharing practices (KES) supported by augmented reality (AR) systems. We draw on findings from a Design Case Study (DCS) carried out for the design and evaluation of an AR system to support KES in complex production contexts. Our results suggest that the proposed system not only changes the perception of the technical environment but is itself gradually perceived as an element of it. The results also reveal changes in the employees’ focus of attention when working with the AR-aid in question and how they individually adapt to it. Moreover, our findings suggest that the proposed system facilitates a change in the proximity between experts and non-experts, bridging spatial and temporal distances, fostering cooperation between those two categories of workers, at the same time that enhance their autonomy. Overall, the results highlight how changes in the social environment of digitised production cannot be separated from changes in the technical environment.

Abstract With the remarkable structural changes that many sectors of the industry are currently experiencing with the advent and introduction of new digital technologies and the push that they are receiving from assorted agendas concerning industrial developments – as those connected with digital transformation and the so-called Industry 5.0 – it sensible to think that different aspects concerning cooperative work will be subject to changes, especially when it comes to issues associated with the use and appropriation of digital technologies. In this contribution, we address the concept of awareness and how it has been impacted by the continuous process of digitalisation and digital transformation within the industry under a practice-centred computing perspective. The study is based on an in-depth interview study featuring 19 participants across 11 different-sized manufacturing companies from the metalworking industry and other related sectors. The data was transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis. Subsequently, we discuss how not only awareness, but also motivation and leadership in production systems have been continuously impacted by these structural changes, at times in a negative way. We elaborate on our findings and reflect upon how existing CSCW notions, as coordination mechanisms, common information spaces and articulation spaces can be used to inform the design of new technologies that could enhance awareness and mitigate potentially negative impacts. In particular, we extend the notion of articulation spaces to include the role of a group mediator, which has been found relevant to support cooperation in industrial settings undergoing digital transformation.

Effective communication is vital in healthcare, especially in complex areas like prostate cancer diagnosis. Although there has been much research on communication among different stakeholders in healthcare, there is still a visible gap in addressing the different information exchange needs of doctors and patients, and how these can impact their communication during prostate cancer diagnosis. This paper explores these challenges from both patients' and doctors' - more specifically, radiologists' - perspectives. Through contextual inquiries and interviews with experienced radiologists, who play a key role in diagnosis, and patients with prostate cancer, we have gained valuable insights into current communication practices associated with the context and explored the potential of technology to support them. Our findings highlight the challenges faced by both stakeholders during diagnosis and their needs and preferences for improved communication. Based on those findings, we propose design implications for computer technologies to enhance communication among stakeholders, ultimately improving collaboration, efficiency, and patient outcomes in prostate cancer care.

Within practice-centred computing, working with people to understand and come up with solutions that can support them with their practices is core. This involves using a range of empirical and design methods for understanding the context, elaborating design implications, and devising and evaluating artefacts, both in terms of their usability and the appropriation opportunities that they can offer. When evaluating prototypes in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) we, as researchers, have more than once over a long period of time seen that participants have little time to engage in systematic approaches to co-design. Our experience shows that very often users cannot take part in activities that take longer than two hours, despite their willingness to do so. This suggests that we are in urgent need of more flexible approaches. In this paper we propose the concept of blended workshops as an approach to work with SME workers for the design of digital technologies to support their practices. This approach entails both synchronous and asynchronous activities, focusing on the elaboration of both physical and digital artefacts, which evolves over a longer period of time towards useful socio-technical solutions which can be easily appropriated at the workplace. The asynchronous elements are designed to allow participants to investigate and reflect in their own time and can can be key for stronger and flexible user participation in practice-centred design.

This paper examines the potential of Human-Centered AI (HCAI) solutions to support radiologists in diagnosing prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent and increasing cancers among men. The scarcity of radiologists raises concerns about their ability to address the growing demand for prostate cancer diagnosis, leading to a significant surge in the workload of radiologists. Drawing on an HCAI approach, we sought to understand the current practices concerning radiologists’ work on detecting and diagnosing prostate cancer, as well as the challenges they face. The findings from our empirical studies point toward the potential that AI has to expedite informed decision-making and enhance accuracy, efficiency, and consistency. This is particularly beneficial for collaborative prostate cancer diagnosis processes. We discuss these results and introduce design recommendations and HCAI concepts for the domain of prostate cancer diagnosis, with the aim of amplifying the professional capabilities of radiologists.

We are extremely happy to be able to present the Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW) community with this issue of the Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, containing very interesting and relevant scholarship from its members. This issue includes 209 papers, of which 175 were accepted from the Jan 2023 cycle, and 34 were accepted from the Jul 2023 cycle. It reflects great efforts and contributions from external reviewers, Associate Chairs and Editors, who together have conducted a rigorous review process to select contributions of the highest quality advancing the CSCW field. As Track Chairs, we are grateful for the community's collective efforts to continue shaping and sharing CSCW's tradition of high-quality scholarship across the years.

Across the years, production systems have recurrently turned to new digital technologies in the search for enhanced productivity and competitiveness. More recently, a prelude to a Fourth Industrial Revolution has been heard, announcing Industry 4.0 as the future of production and manufacture. It has been claimed that cyber-physical production systems would bring drastic changes in the way that people go about engaging in work. It is therefore sensible to think that the way that cooperation is accomplished within production contexts will be also affected. Based on an in-depth interview study featuring 21 participants from different companies, we go on to discuss which challenges have been emerging from recent digitalisation of production work in regard to the way that workers cooperate in accomplishing their productive activities. Our results suggest that there are associated group effects - e.g., group polarisation, hidden profiles, and exclusion - that pose relevant challenges for cooperation within these settings. In this contribution, we go on to present and discuss these results and to propose articulation spaces, which conceptually bring together aspects of coordination mechanisms and common information spaces, as a potential solution for some of those challenges.

We are again thrilled to be able to present the Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW) community with an issue of the Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, containing very interesting and relevant scholarship from its members. This issue includes 138 papers, of which 82 were accepted from the July 2022 cycle, and 56 were accepted from the January 2023 cycle. It reflects great efforts and contributions from external reviewers, Associate Chairs and Editors, who together have conducted a rigorous review process to select contributions of the highest quality advancing the CSCW field. As Track Chairs, we are grateful for the community's collective efforts to continue shaping and sharing CSCW's tradition of high-quality scholarship across the years.

Past and current research has shown that Knowledge and Expertise Sharing (KES) is central to the appropriation of enterprise software such as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. ERP implementation projects in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are often driven by research and practice. However, they tend to focus on the 'go live' moment rather than on the subsequent, much longer post-implementation phase. This, we argue, results in decreased utilisation over time and an increased need for workarounds. In this paper, we draw on an empirical study within four organisations which exposes the limitations of KES in ERP implementation projects in SMEs, especially in regard to the preparation of key users. Our findings suggest that, despite key users' essential role in these projects, they are often chosen haphazardly and are ill-prepared. As a result, they cannot fulfil their role of facilitating KES with end users, who end up appropriating ERP systems mostly through 'learning by doing'. This stems directly from complex and largely unrecognised processes involving consultants, hotlines, management, key users and end users. In this paper, we introduce and discuss specific socio-technical, KES-oriented measures which can potentially lead to sustainable KES throughout the ERP life-cycle for longer-term success.

Abstract Within CSCW and HCI, an increasing body of literature has been demonstrating the essential relevance of infrastructures and infrastructuring to the work of people engaging in technologically mediated nomadicity. Tech Nomads – or T-Nomads, as they are sometimes called – not only rely ontechnological, human, andenvironmentalinfrastructural components – such as Wi-Fi, technical support, space, and basic resources such as light and power outlets – but they also have to engage in infrastructuring to mobilise their workplaces and effectively accomplish work in and across different locations. In this article, we bring an infrastructuring perspective to understanding nomadic practices concerning the organisation of complex collaborative events. We introduce findings from a long-term investigation focusing on how infrastructures are re-instantiated with the help of digital technologies, according to emerging demands from T-Nomads. Our findings demonstrate the need for a ‘non-essentialist’ approach to nomadicity, one which recognises the character of nomadic work and its varied aspects in different contexts. We extend the infrastructuring literature by demonstrating how infrastructuring work is done in a complex collaborative initiative, as the organisation of the annual European Social Forum.

CONTENTS1. INTRODUCTION2. RESEARCH BACKGROUND AND RELATED WORK2.1. Energy Management in Organizations: Drivers, Benefit and Research Directions2.2. The work to make digital networks work2.3. Challe...

For over a quarter century, GROUP has offered a premier yet intimate and welcoming venue for agenda-setting, diverse research. Although the traditional focus of the conference is on supporting group work, it has expanded to include research from computer-supported cooperative work, sociotechnical studies, practice-centered computing, human-computer interaction, computersupported collaborative learning, participatory technology design, and other related areas. The work presented in this issue embodies that interdisciplinary ethos. Papers in this issue cover a wide range topics, from human-AI collaboration, to collaboration in virtual reality, to perceptions of privacy and security, to the myriad impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The application domains are similarly wide ranging, from health data, to civic engagement, to educational settings, to government provision of social services. Similar to the 2021 issue, this issue also continues the tradition of design fiction at GROUP. This issue of PACM:HCI brings you papers from the planned 2022 ACMConference on Supporting Group Work (GROUP 2022). Typically, the GROUP conference occurs every two years. However, research developments do not necessarily follow conference deadline cycles. Thus, the GROUP conference offers authors the opportunity to submit to multiple waves. The first wave of papers for this conference were published in July 2021 in Volume 5 of PACM:HCI, and papers from this current issue were first submitted in May 2021. Both of these sets of papers published as part of the planned GROUP 2022 conference were authored and reviewed during the COVID-19 pandemic. These papers represent commendable volumes of hard work and resilience, not just from the authors, but also from the reviewers, the program committee, and the conference organizers. Additionally, the pandemic forced a major change to the conference at which these papers will be presented.

Fast-paced knowledge and expertise sharing (KES) is a typical demand in contemporary workplaces due to dynamic markets and ever-changing work practices. Past and current computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) research has long been investigating how computer technologies can support people with KES. Recent claims have asserted that augmented reality- (AR-)based cyber-physical production systems (CPPS) are poised to bring significant changes in the ways that KES unfolds in manufacturing contexts. This paper scrutinises such claims by implementing a short-term evaluation of an AR-based CPPS and assessing how it can potentially support (1) the generation of AR content by experienced production workers and (2) the visualisation and processing of such content by novice workers. We, therefore, contribute a user study to the CSCW community that sheds light on the use of a particular type of AR-based CPPS for KES in industrial contexts.?

No abstract available.

This exploratory paper makes the case for deepening and expanding CSCW research on how knowledge and digital professionals work at home. The steady rise of flexible and “mobile” working policies and burgeoning of freelance work and solo entrepreneurs, means that working from home is now commonplace. Yet, there is a dearth of investigations in relation to how people make working from home ‘work’. In response to this gap, this paper focuses on how homes become sites of complex coordination and negotiation for those people who use them as workplaces. In particular, the paper reviews the relevant literature and shows how it frames debates about working from home. Additionally, it opens up a set of research questions which should be urgently tackled. We argue that CSCW research needs to attend more closely to those intricate emplaced negotiations and coordination efforts that occur at home, not only to collaborate remotely with colleagues and clients, but also in relation to the more ‘intimate’ relationships of households families, as well as how both sets of relationships are shaped by the spatial and environmental organisation of the home as a shared space for most.

Recent CSCW research has shown that nomadicity can be seen as a dynamic process that emerges as people engage with practices supporting them in the mobilisation of their workplace to accomplish work in and across different locations. This paper elaborates on the emergent aspects of the process by detailing a spectrum of motivational and contextual forces that surround and shape nomadic practices. The paper contributes to existing CSCW literature on nomadicity and extends it by articulating the complex intersections of motive and context that shape nomadic practices. The findings that the paper presents emerged from an ethnographic study of a group of academics and their nomadic work/life practices.

Increasing attention is currently paid to informal care and the physical, emotional, and psychological burden stemming from it. Research findings suggest that such a burden might be intensified when informal caregivers are at older ages. Aiming at reducing the burden associated with informal care, some research studies have focused on developing innovative technologies to support caregivers with their activities and responsibilities. These studies highlight the importance of understanding the many variables that characterise different care situations, emphasizing the relevance of user-centered and participatory design approaches. Following up the successful first edition of the CCCiC workshop held at the 2014 ACM CSCW conference in Baltimore, this workshop elaborates on the resulting roadmap for future research in the domain: concepts, methods, and technologies. This workshop seeks contributions exploring issues of collaboration and coordination for informal care addressing concepts emerging from field research, methodological challenges, work-in-progress, and the design and evaluation of technological solutions.

This paper presents Cognitor, a common-sense aided framework for the cog-learn pattern language that aims to help content editors create and contextualize e-learning content through the generation of hyper documents that comprise pedagogical issues, producing learning objects (LO) compatible with the SCORM standard. Cog-Learn have been developed from learning and human-computer interaction (HCI) theories. The goal of Cognitor is to allow for the design of digital learning material with better organization of the content that will be explored by learners, aiming to make easier the interaction with it, addressing HCI issues, as well as the interaction between learners and teachers, addressing human-human interaction (HHI) issues. To reach that, it is important that the LO created in Cognitor be easy to reuse, helping creators to fill out the metadata aiming at addressing cultural issues related to the context in which the LO can be adopted and reused. For that, suggestions coming from a common sense knowledge base automatically appear in some SCORM metadata fields in order to help the task of filling out culturally contextualized metadata.

Learning process varies according to learners' profiles and cultural contexts in which they are inserted. In order to provide effective learning, educators should contextualize the learning process to their learners' needs from the planning of learning activities, i.e. a group of tasks with educational purpose, to the elaboration of learning content that they will use. This is a way to provide personalized learning to different groups of learners, one of the grand challenges for engineering research in the 21stcentury. This paper proposes the use of common sense knowledge for developing computer applications to support educators in contextualizing the learning process to their learners' reality by the analysis of common sense knowledge collected from people with the same profile of the learners. It presents the solutions of OMCS-Br for collecting and using common sense knowledge into computer applications and three educational applications developed for the purpose of helping educators with personalized learning.

UWE (UML-based Web engineering) is, according its author, a methodology which provides a systematic approach to model Web applications. It provides an UML extension, defining modeling elements considering the extension mechanisms that are offered by UML, and it defines an authoring process that helps the designers to build the system models which orient developers during the system implementation. UWE is still a new proposal which needs to be experimented to identify its strengths and weaknesses. This research work presents a case study in what a small Web system is modeled using the UWE methodology. Some proposals to improve the building of the system navigation models are also presented through this work.