We use brain data and Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) models to understand the connection between human mental states and physical experiences. Shared Neural Streams allows a diverse range of users to engage in a deeper exploration of their own ideas and those of their collaborators. The system combines prompts in StreamDiffusion with Electroencephalography (EEG) data to create visual and interactive elements in an Unreal Engine environment in real time. The experience provides engagement for pair of users simultaneously when they wear the Muse 2 device to extract live EEG data as input into TouchDesigner. The demo showcases the concept process we have called the closed-loop immersive model. The intention is to allow users to understand each other with non-verbal interaction. The novelty of this research lies in the connected use of brain data to shape users' connection experiences.

We present ARcheoBox, a walk-up-and-use prototype for interacting with interpretation of historical artefacts using tangible augmented reality. ARcheoBox enables users to manipulate virtual representations and interact with interpretation of historical artefacts using cylinder-shaped generic proxies. We also leverage the user interactions with interpretation using three interaction techniques “Move”, “Rotate”, and “Flip” as output modalities in AR. The prototype consists of a wooden box, a tablet display, and generic proxies, which means ARcheoBox does not require any head-mounted displays (HMDs), handheld controllers, or haptic gloves. We conducted a user study with 25 participants in which the findings demonstrate the advantages of tangible AR over more conventional interaction modalities presented in museums such as touch screens. Finally, we present a set of design recommendations for designing tangible AR that enhances the user's interaction experience with historical artefacts.

This paper shows how generic proxies as tangible interfaces can provide an intuitive and realistic interaction method to manipulate artefacts in AR. The domain we selected was cultural heritage, specifically the interaction with historical artefacts. We explored four interfaces: 1) a standard touch screen using a web 3D viewer, 2) a traditional flat AR marker, 3) a generic wooden cylinder, and 4) a 3D-printed replica of the digital artefact. Our results show that a 3D-printed replica represents the most realistic interaction method to manipulate artefacts in AR. However, we further found that using a generic object such as the cylinder can deliver a more immersive experience, offering an advantage over the standard touch screen and flat AR marker. As high-fidelity physical objects can be costly to produce. We argue that a more generic physical proxy is a feasible middle ground when 3D-printed replicas are not viable. We then discuss design opportunities for using generic objects to explore different artefacts in AR.

While HCI research has often addressed the needs of older adults, they are often framed as being sceptical of digital technologies. We argue that while many older adults are circumspect users of digital technology, they bring rich and critical perspectives on the role of technology in society that are grounded in lived experiences across their life courses. We report on 20 technology life story interviews conducted with retirees over the age of 60. Our analysis shows how experiences of technology across their life courses significantly undermined participants’ sense of competency, independence, resilience, agency and control. Dissonances between what our participants valued and the perceived values of technology have led them to become critical adopters of technology, and resist its intrusion into certain aspects of their lives. We discuss how the critical perspectives of older adults and the value dissonances they experience are valuable for designing future digital technologies.

The use of both smartwatches and augmented reality (AR) has steadily grown in the past decade, however there are few examples of combining these technologies to enhance user experiences. We introduce WristAR, a wrist-worn prototype that supports the use of hands-free AR, removing the need to wear a head-mounted display or hold a smartphone, aiming to give a more natural way to experience AR. The prototype is equipped with a camera and screen, making it possible to run AR applications in a form-factor that emulates a smartwatch. In order to test the concept we built an AR application which allows users to play a simple card game displaying animated AR characters. In a user study with 12 participants, we found that although the device was unfamiliar and has restricted movement, participants suggested that with improvements it could become a viable alternative to current AR interfaces.

Welcome to the Journal of Human-Robot Interaction's first special issue on design! We strongly believe that design is integral to the continued development of the field of HRI, and we have created this special issue to highlight the many ways in which the field of robotics research is influenced by design---and vice versa.

This paper introduces Express Location, a mobile web application, supporting drivers in delivery service in the daily coordination of work. Remote communication and cooperation takes place on a shared map view around the drivers' locations and next stop, through a drawing/doodling tool and multiple visual object representations. The aim is to understand the working situation and the use of locations in the daily work to better support the coordination of mobile delivery work.

Location-sharing services have a long history in research, but have only recently become available for consumers. Most popular commercial location-sharing services differ from previous research efforts in important ways: they use manual 'check-ins' to pair user location with semantically named venues rather than tracking; venues are visible to all users; location is shared with a potentially very large audience; and they employ incentives. By analysis of 20 in-depth interviews with foursquare users and 47 survey responses, we gained insight into emerging social practices surrounding location-sharing. We see a shift from privacy issues and data deluge, to more performative considerations in sharing one's location. We discuss performance aspects enabled by check-ins to public venues, and show emergent, but sometimes conflicting norms (not) to check-in.

In this paper findings are presented from a study on how sensor equipped computer game technologies can be used to create tools for educational settings to learn about for example concepts in physics. In a workshop focusing on the concept of gravity, a group of children interacted with an environment consisting of both physical and digital interactive components. We discuss how the mixed digital and physical setting affects the children's coordination and collaboration and their strategies to solve the given assignment. Findings suggest that the embodied nature of the technology create new opportunities for collaboration and that the alignment of the physical and digital parts of the interactive setting is important in order to create a seamless experience that takes advantage of the properties of the respective media.

The app store model used by Apple's iPhone has presented a successful model for installing new applications; however, only a fraction of current mobile phones have access to a dedicated app store. Thus there is need to investigate alternative ways of discovering and installing mobile services and applications. We performed studies on two services, focusing on the social aspects of sharing mobile apps between users. The services were a portrait sharing application prototype called Portrait Catalog, and a commercially available chat application called Hanashi. They differ not only by functionality and design, but also by their availability to the public as well as the means of distribution they offer. We present initial insights in how users share mobile services between each other, when using a phone that doesn't include mobile application distribution as part of the user experience. We found that factors such as users' habits of downloading and testing new applications, their understandings of the service they are using and the means of distribution the services offer, all affected how the services were shared.

We use the Cargo Cult metaphor to discuss visions, methods and communication of robot research. Essentially cargo cult involves performing of imitative rituals that are conducted without understanding the underlying cause of a phenomenon. We discuss how this is an ongoing challenge within the field of HRI, and what researchers could do to avoid contributing to a robotic cargo cult.

We present the see-Puck, a round display module that extends an open robot platform, the e-Puck. It holds 148 LEDs (light emitting diodes) to enable the presentation of eye-catching visual animated patterns, while keeping hardware costs and energy consumption at a minimum. The see-Puck was a result of a study of future robot applications, where relationship and interaction qualities found in owners of unusual pets (e.g. spiders, snakes, and lizards) were transferred to the robotic domain. In our first proof-of-concept application, humans and robots can engage in a playful open ended interaction. We argue that open interactive robot platforms such as the see-Puck point to opportunities not only in robotics but also future user interfaces and ubiquitous computing.

Transfer scenarios is a method developed to support the design of innovative interactive technology. Such a method should help the designer to come up with inventive ideas, and at the same time provide grounding in real human needs. In transfer scenarios, we use marginal practices to encourage a changed mindset throughout the design process. A marginal practice consists of individuals who share an activity that they find meaningful. We regard these individuals not as end-users, but as valuable input in the design process. We applied this method when designing novel applications for autonomous embodied agents, e.g. robots. Owners of unusual pets, such as snakes and spiders, were interviewed - not with the intention to design robot pets, but to determine underlying needs and interests of their practice. The results were then used to design a set of applications for more general users, including a dynamic living-room wall and a set of communicating hobby robots.

Ubiquitous Graphics addresses the problem of interacting with very large computer graphics images, for instance an online map or a large digitized painting. It uses a combination of mobile and stationary displays to show both overview and detail. The main image is displayed using a projector or other large traditional display. To access details, the user holds a mobile device in front of the stationary display. Using ultrasonic tracking the smaller display is aligned with the overview, giving access to a corresponding portion of the image in higher resolution. Alternatively the system provides "magic lens" functionality that can show additional information. Users may add free-form annotations and pre-defined graphical objects by interacting directly with the mobile device. In a user study, subjects drew better descriptive maps using the system than an ordinary map application. The system is robust and was demonstrated to several thousand people in a week-long public exhibit.

We present a mode where media (e.g.music files) are autonomous entities that carry their own individua information. Our goal is to turn such files into autonomous, rule-following agents capable of building their own identities from interactions with other agents and users. We are exploring how collaborative filtering-like behaviour could emerge out of large ensembles of interacting agents, which are distributed over mobile devices in socia networks. We have implemented a first version of the mode in the form of a music player application for mobile devices, called Push!Music. This system takes advantage of active recommendations as we as implicit user activity to build a profile for each media file.

We are exploring strategies for designing novel robots, or more generally, personal embodied agents. The motivation is to open up the design space for robots in everyday environments, while at the same time grounding new designs in existing human interests. We have modified established methods from the field of human-computer interaction (HCI). First, we investigated specific human interests, in this case in exotic pets, to understand and design for possible interests of future robot owners. Based on the data from interviews with pet owners, we developed four active characters, so called personas. Each persona has a specific interest in robots as personal embodied agents, which has a particular form, role and behaviour. From the resulting personas we derived a number of possible designs, where the agents take on different roles in peoples' everyday activities

Context photography consists of capturing sensing physical input in addition to light and this new concept, we explore alternative potentials creative tool. We have developed a working movement and represents them visually in interactive exhibition we wish to present, visitors The pictures taken by visitors would be dynamically projection on a wall. Large hardcopy photographs hung on another wall. This exhibition is meant alternative approaches to digital photography. http://www.viktoria.se/fal/projects/photo.

The GapiDraw platform supports the creation of high-performance graphical applications across a variety of handheld hardware configurations, including Palm, Symbian and Windows Mobile devices. Handheld computers makes it possible to create applications and services not possible with stationary computers, thus there is a need for a high performance development platform for rapid prototyping on mobile devices. Unlike desktop computers there has not yet evolved a single standard for graphics on handheld devices. Typically, handheld computers only provide direct frame buffer access, and there are major differences in implementation details across different hardware configurations, making it difficult to use mobile devices for prototyping. Using GapiDraw, developers can re-use the same code across a variety of devices and do not have to focus on device-specific implementation details. GapiDraw is actively used as an enabler platform in numerous research labs, and has also been used in over one hundred commercial games. We give an overview of the platform, and highlight some new mobile application concepts made possible through the use of GapiDraw.

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No abstract available.

We describe WEST, a WEb browser for Small Terminals, that aims to solve some of the problems associated with accessing web pages on hand-held devices. Through a novel combination of text reduction and focus+context visualization, users can access web pages from a very limited display environment, since the system will provide an overview of the contents of a web page even when it is too large to be displayed in its entirety. To make maximum use of the limited resources available on a typical hand-held terminal, much of the most demanding work is done by a proxy server, allowing the terminal to concentrate on the task of providing responsive user interaction. The system makes use of some interaction concepts reminiscent of those defined in the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP), making it possible to utilize the techniques described here for WAP-compliant devices and services that may become available in the near future.