This paper considers the indoor localization problem with possible non-line-of-sight (NLOS) signal propagations. Although centimeter-level accuracy can be achieved using ultrawideband (UWB) signal sources, NLOS propagation due to reflection and refraction of signals as well as multipath effect may lead to significant errors in UWB-based localization systems. To mitigate this issue, a novel and simple NLOS error compensation method is proposed in this paper, which introduces a correction factor that takes into account the influence of NLOS conditions on the UWB distance measurements. The inertial measurement unit (IMU) information are then used to correct the UWB distance measurements before passing them through a Kalman filter for data fusion. The effectiveness of the proposed approach over the state-of-the-art one is illustrated by both simulation and experiment.

Despite the importance of touch in human–human relations, research in affective tactile practices is in its infancy, lacking in-depth understanding needed to inform the design of remote digital touch communication. This article reports two qualitative studies that explore tactile affective communication in specific social contexts, and the bi-directional creation, sending and interpretation of digital touch messages using a purpose-built research tool, the Tactile Emoticon. The system comprises a pair of remotely connected mitts, which enable users in different locations to communicate through tactile messages, by orchestrating duration and level of three haptic sensations: vibration, pressure and temperature. Qualitative analysis shows the nuanced ways in which 68 participants configured these elements to make meaning from touch messages they sent and received. It points to the affect and emotion of touch, its sensoriality and ambiguity, the significance of context, social norms and expectations of touch participants. Findings suggest key design considerations for digital touch communication, where the emphasis shifts from generating ‘recognizable touches’ to tools that allow people to shape their touches and establish common understanding about their meaning.

MOTIVATION: Quantification of isoform abundance has been extensively studied at the mature RNA level using RNA-seq but not at the level of precursor RNAs using nascent RNA sequencing. RESULTS: We address this problem with a new computational method called Deconvolution of Expression for Nascent RNA-sequencing data (DENR), which models nascent RNA-sequencing read-counts as a mixture of user-provided isoforms. The baseline algorithm is enhanced by machine-learning predictions of active transcription start sites and an adjustment for the typical 'shape profile' of read-counts along a transcription unit. We show that DENR outperforms simple read-count-based methods for estimating gene and isoform abundances, and that transcription of multiple pre-RNA isoforms per gene is widespread, with frequent differences between cell types. In addition, we provide evidence that a majority of human isoform diversity derives from primary transcription rather than from post-transcriptional processes. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: DENR and nascentRNASim are freely available at https://github.com/CshlSiepelLab/DENR (version v1.0.0) and https://github.com/CshlSiepelLab/nascentRNASim (version v0.3.0). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Voice control has emerged as a popular method for interacting with smart-devices such as smartphones, smartwatches etc. Popular voice control applications like Siri and Google Now are already used by a large number of smartphone and tablet users. A major challenge in designing a voice control application is that it requires continuous monitoring of user?s voice input through the microphone. Such applications utilize hotwords such as "Okay Google" or "Hi Galaxy" allowing them to distinguish user?s voice command and her other conversations. A voice control application has to continuously listen for hotwords which significantly increases the energy consumption of the smart-devices.

No abstract available.

The presented SoC is an 8-bit MCU based processor with 32-bit encryption algorithm acceleration and special security mechanism dedicated to mobile one-time password (MOTP) applications. The encryption algorithm accelerator can perform several 32-bit key operations for hash function computation, with each in one clock cycle. The SoC also features protection mechanisms which can prevent attackers from stealing the algorithm program code or the secret key, or utilizing under-voltage attacks. The SoC chip, fabricated in 0.25 μm CMOS process, has more than 50% efficiency improvement on hash function computation if compared with those 8-bit general-purpose MCUs and consumes less than 7.2 μA current in average for typical MOTP applications.

TCP offload has attracted a great deal of industrial interest. However, little research has been done to examine the benefits of offload for today's popular application layer protocols, in particular, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). In this paper, we profile the processing of SIP stacks and find that for typical SIP scenarios and despite of different SIP stack implementations, SIP parsing would take a significant percentage (20%-40%) of CPU time. Based on this fact, a SIP offload scheme termed SIP offload engine (SOE) is proposed to offload SIP parser from SIP stack. A prototype of SOE is implemented and the benchmarking results indicate that throughput gain varies greatly depending on server's pipelining architectures. We also observe that SIP retransmission will incur "receive livelock" in overloaded high performance SIP servers.

This paper proposes an extension to TTCN to meet the requirements of protocol integrated testing. Compared with TTCN, the extension of IntegTTCN consists of test data and test behaviour. To test data, IntegTTCN can describe dynamic data and statistical data in addition to static data. To test behaviour, IntegTTCN extends test components, adds concurrent operation statements, and reinforces timer operations. After specifying the syntax of IntegTTCN, its operational semantics is defined in terms of an input-output transition system. Finally, IntegTTCN is compared with other test suite notations.

Only executable test suite generated automatically has practical usage. The authors devise and implement the algorithm of "parametrizing and executizing" in the TUGEN system and discuss the results, limitations and its reason. Based on this work and the study in the executability of the transition and the satiability problem of the predicate, the authors further present and implement another algorithm called "executable parametrizing" to overcome the deficiency of the previous one and further improve the practicability and efficiency of TUGEN. After analysis and comparison, the authors outline the focus of the future research.

Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4) is one of the widely used routing protocols. This paper presents the design and implementation of an intelligent BGP-4 analyzer working online. Serving in the study and test of BGP-4, the analyzer can capture all the BGP-4 traffic and further exploit "state synchronization" algorithm to analyze the behavior of the BGP-4 state machine by observing the interaction between BGP-4 peers. As to the routing information manipulation, the analyzer can also verify its correctness and efficiency through internal process simulation and statistical computation. And the interested sessions and routes are traced and analyzed. This analyzer possesses many other beneficial features and plays an important role both in the study and test of BGP-4 and the network management.