Building construction constitutes a specialized and project-specific procedure, encompassing numerous risks. In particular, risks related to execution and the associated costs of defects are a constant challenge for the architectural engineering and construction (AEC) industry. To achieve a balance between the optimum level of quality and the associated costs, knowledge of the composition of quality-related costs is required. In this paper, the objective is to automatically determine expected appraisal costs (ACs) and nonconformity costs (NCCs) from building information modeling (BIM) objects by using semantic web technologies. The ontology for construction quality assurance (OCQA), which is used for the automated planning of quality inspections serves as the initial ontology in this paper. Based on model data, historical quality data, and potential NCCs, the expected quality defects are determined and evaluated using shapes constraint language (SHACL) rules, with the ACs for the corresponding preventive inspections calculated simultaneously. The functionality of the ontology and its rules is demonstrated by defect type unevenness of screed.

Specific occupational construction safety, health, and well-being related knowledge and information are scattered and fragmented. Despite technological advancements of information and knowledge management, a link between safety management and information models is still missing. In this paper we present first steps towards a unifying formal (logic-based) domain model of construction safety, called SafeConDM, that consists of: (1) a semantically rich ontology of hazard, safety concepts, and concept relationships that builds on, and integrates with, existing construction safety ontologies and building information models; (2) a set of first-order if-then rules linking construction site states with the potential for specific hazards to occur that we define in a novel way using spatial artefacts. We present a prototype software tool, based on our ASP4BIM tool that implements SafeConDM for construction hazard analysis and safe construction planning decision support, and empirically evaluate our tool on three real-world construction building models.