Multivariate anomaly causes interpretation provides insight into the root cause of information system anomalies, identifying the direct factors that trigger anomalies and revealing potential systemic flaws. However, current research generally focuses on two directions: on the one hand, anomaly diagnosis research for nodes with high anomaly degree; on the other hand, single‐layer anomaly causes interpretation graph construction based on explicit features capturing anomaly locations and their neighborhood structures. These approaches pay insufficient attention to the attack defense of anomaly causes interpretation graph, thereby weakening the credibility and reliability of anomaly causation interpretation. Therefore, we systematically explore the attack strategy and defense mechanism of the multivariate anomaly causes interpretation graph. Firstly, we propose an adaptive learning method for constructing a dual‐layer anomaly causes interpretation graph. The method reduces the dependence on artificial a priori assumptions by introducing an adaptive mechanism and realizes the dynamic decoupling of the spatiotemporal coupling relationships of multivariate data, thus providing a diversified perspective for the multivariate anomaly causes interpretation. Second, considering the vulnerability of the multivariate spatiotemporal correlation after decoupling and the structural characteristics of the dual‐layer anomaly causes interpretation graph, we further propose a structural protection mechanism based on dual‐layer complex networks to improve the structural robustness and resistance to the interference of anomaly causes interpretation graph. Finally, we verify the effectiveness of the proposed model by testing various attack defense scenarios such as noise attack, gradient attack, and structure attack. The experimental results show that the model in this paper can effectively defend against multiple attack methods and ensure the integrity and reliability of the anomaly causes interpretation graph.

Prediction of glaucomatous visual field loss has significant clinical benefits because it can help with early detection of glaucoma as well as decision-making for treatments. Glaucomatous visual loss is conventionally captured through visual field sensitivity (VF ) measurement, which is costly and time-consuming. Thus, existing approaches mainly predict future VF utilizing limited VF data collected in the past. Recently, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been adopted to measure retinal layers thickness (RT ) for considerably more low-cost treatment assistance. There then arises an important question in the context of ophthalmology: are RT measurements beneficial for VF prediction? In this paper, we propose a novel method to demonstrate the benefits provided by RT measurements. The challenge is management of the two heterogeneities of VF data and RT data as RT data are collected according to different clinical schedules and lie in a different space to VF data. To tackle these heterogeneities, we propose latent progression patterns (LPPs), a novel type of representations for glaucoma progression. Along with LPPs, we propose a method to transform VF series to an LPP based on matrix factorization and a method to transform RT series to an LPP based on deep neural networks. Partial VF and RT information is integrated in LPPs to provide accurate prediction. The proposed framework is named deeply-regularized latent-space linear regression (\em DLLR). We empirically demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art technique by 12% for the best case in terms of the mean of the root mean square error on a real dataset.