Our study seeks to explain bystander inaction by guiding the regulation of delegitimizing doxing. We develop a contextualized research model by integrating attitudinal ambivalence theory and general deterrence theory. Our results innovatively uncover three congruence effects describing how positive and negative appraisals are combined to determine bystander inaction. Moreover, perceived SNS deterrence weakens the negative impact of attitudinal univalence on bystander inaction. As one of the pioneering empirical inquiries into delegitimizing doxing, our study contributes to theory and practice related to bystander intervention in delegitimizing doxing.

Abstract Although millions of mobile apps have been published in the app store, the majority are seldom downloaded or used. This phenomenon has intensified the competition among service providers for user loyalty. There were plenty of studies investigating user loyalty in the mobile‐app context; nevertheless, most failed to identify those true loyalty users who embraced attitudinal and behavioral loyalty. To address this research gap, this study aims to understand and predict user loyalty by an extended RFD model. We propose that recency, frequency, and duration are able to reflect behavioral loyalty, while category frequency rate and category duration rate are representations of attitudinal loyalty. Using the actual data collected from a third‐party app, we calculate the weights of each variable through the entropy weight method, evaluate users' loyalty in two dimensions, and classify users into four groups (i.e., true loyalty, latent loyalty, moderate loyalty, and no loyalty). We also conduct a dynamic analysis to investigate how users move across different loyalty conditions. The results indicate that majority of users tend to stay on their initial loyalty conditions. For those who have changed their loyalty conditions, it is found that true loyalty users are more likely to become latent loyalty users.

Microblogging is growing in popularity and significance. Although many researchers have attempted to explain why and how people use this new medium, previous studies have produced relatively inconclusive results. For instance, in most of these studies, microblogging has been considered a social networking activity; however, quantitative analyses of microblogging usage have shown that people use microblogging as an information‐broadcasting platform. In this study, we identified the factors that drive microblogging and which of them lead to user satisfaction. We developed a theoretical framework and then empirically validated the factors and the emergent mechanisms (value evaluation processes). We empirically tested our research model using a sample of 230 microbloggers, and the results showed that content and technology gratifications are the two key factors that drive user satisfaction with microblogging. That is, it is the value of information dissemination rather than social networking that makes people feel satisfied with the use of microblogging. We believe that this study will generate interest among researchers in social media. The results also provide platform administrators with insights into how people use microblogging and why they are satisfied with the technology.

Online social shopping communities are transforming the way customers communicate and exchange product information with others. To date, the issue of customer participation in online social shopping communities has become an important but underexplored research area in the academic literature. In this study, we examined how online social interactions affect customer information contribution behavior. We also explored the moderating role of customer reputation in the relationship between observational learning and reinforcement learning as well as customer information contribution behavior. Analyses of panel data from 6,121 customers in an online social fashion platform revealed that they are significant factors affecting customer information contribution behavior and that reinforcement learning exhibits a stronger effect than observational learning. The results also showed that customer reputation has a significant negative moderating effect on the relationship between observational learning and customer information contribution behavior. This study not only enriched our theoretical understanding of information contribution behavior but also provided guidelines for online social shopping community administrators to better design their community features.

Web 2.0 creates a new world of collaboration. Many online communities of practice have provided a virtual Internet platform for members to create, collaborate, and contribute their expertise and knowledge. To date, we still do not fully understand how members evaluate their knowledge‐sharing experiences, and how these evaluations affect their decisions to continue sharing knowledge in online communities of practice. In this study, we examined why members continue to share knowledge in online communities of practice, through theorizing and empirically validating the factors and emergent mechanisms (post‐knowledge‐sharing evaluation processes) that drive continuance. Specifically, we theorized that members make judgments about their knowledge‐sharing behaviors by comparing their normative expectations of reciprocity and capability of helping other members with their actual experiences. We empirically tested our research model using an online survey of members of an online community of practice. Our results showed that when members found that they receive the reciprocity they expected, they will feel satisfied. Likewise, when they found that they can help other members as they expected, they will feel satisfied and their knowledge self‐efficacy will also be enhanced. Both satisfaction and knowledge self‐efficacy further affect their intention to continue sharing knowledge in an online community of practice. We expect this study will generate interest among researchers in this important area of research, and that the model proposed in this article will serve as a starting point for furthering our limited understanding of continuance behaviors in online communities of practice.

Abstract Past research in information systems (IS) user satisfaction primarily adopted a conventional “key‐driver analysis” approach assuming that independent variables symmetrically and linearly affect user satisfaction. However, recent studies suggest that relationships in IS satisfaction models are more complex. Relying solely on symmetric and linear models runs the risk of systemically misestimating the impact of independent variables on user satisfaction. Building upon previous work, we empirically tested the asymmetric and nonlinear IS user satisfaction model in the context of Internet‐based portals. Results show that negative perceived performance on three of the four information‐quality attributes have greater impacts on overall satisfaction than do positive perceived performance. In addition, user satisfaction appears to display diminishing sensitivity to information quality in the domain of negative perceived performance but not in positive perceived performance. We expect that this study will generate interest in this new but important area of research.

Abstract User satisfaction has become one of the most important measures of the success or effectiveness of information systems (IS). In the current study, the dimensionality of Web‐based information systems (WIS) satisfaction was first examined. Two composite latent variable models with factor‐order structures were then empirically tested and compared to describe the relationships among observable variables concerned with WIS satisfaction. Using data from a sample of 515 university students, a third‐order composite latent variable model was retained based on statistical and theoretical criteria. At the third‐order level, WIS satisfaction is determined by two second‐order constructs: Web information satisfaction and Web system satisfaction. Web information satisfaction is determined by understandability, reliability, and usefulness, while Web system satisfaction is determined by access, usability, and navigation. Overall, the model provides a good fit to the data and is theoretically valid, reflecting logical consistency. Implications of the current investigation for practice and research are provided.

Abstract Multimedia Messaging Services (MMS) is a new medium that enriches people's personal communication with their business partners, friends, or family. Following the success of Short Message Services, MMS has the potential to be the next mobile commerce “killer application” which is useful and popular among consumers; however, little is known about why people intend to accept and use it. Building upon the motivational theory and media richness theory, the research model captures both extrinsic (e.g., perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use) and intrinsic (e.g., perceived enjoyment) motivators as well as perceived media richness to explain user intention to use MMS. An online survey was conducted and 207 completed questionnaires were collected. By integrating the motivation and the media richness perspectives, the research model explains 65% of the variance. In addition, the results present strong support to the existing theoretical links as well as to those newly hypothesized in this study. Implications from the current investigation for research and practice are provided.

Abstract The importance of trust in building and maintaining consumer relationships in the online environment is widely accepted in the Information Systems literature. A key challenge for researchers is to identify antecedent variables that engender consumer trust in Internet shopping. This paper adopts a multidisciplinary approach and develops an integrative model of consumer trust in Internet shopping through synthesizing the three diverse trust literatures. The social psychological perspective guides us to include perceived trustworthiness of Internet merchants as the key determinant of consumer trust in Internet shopping. The sociological viewpoint suggests the inclusion of legal framework and third‐party recognition in the research model. The views of personality theorists postulate a direct effect of propensity to trust on consumer trust in Internet shopping. The results of this study provide strong support for the research model and research hypotheses, and the high explanatory power illustrates the complementarity of the three streams of research on trust. This paper contributes to the conceptual and empirical understanding of consumer trust in Internet shopping. Implications of this study are noteworthy for both researchers and practitioners.

Abstract Recent studies have found organizational learning capacity to be a key factor in influencing organizational assimilation and exploitation of knowledge‐intensive innovations. Despite its increasing importance, the impact of organizational learning capacity on technology assimilation is not well understood. Distilling from extant works on organizational learning and technology assimilation, this study identifies four components of organizational learning capacity, namely, systems orientation, organizational climate for learning orientation, knowledge acquisition and utilization orientation, and information sharing and dissemination orientation. The authors subject these components to structural equation modeling analyses to better understand their structure and dimensionality. The analyses strongly support the proposed four major dimensions underlying organizational learning capacity. Organizational learning capacity, as a higher‐order factor, has a significant impact on attitude towards organizational adoption of knowledge‐intensive innovations. Implications for practice and research are discussed.

Despite the phenomenal growth of Internet users in recent years, the penetration rate of Internet shopping is still low and one of the most often cited reasons is the lack of consumers’ trust (e.g. Hoffman et al., 1999). Although trust is an important concept in Internet shopping, there is a paucity of theory-guided empirical research in this area. In this paper, a theoretical model is proposed for investigating the nature of trust in the specific context of Internet shopping. In this model, consumers’ trust in Internet shopping is affected by propensity to trust and two groups of antecedent factors, namely, "trustworthiness of Internet vendors" and "external environment". Trust, in turn, reduces consumers’ perceived risk in Internet shopping. As an important step towards the rigorous testing of the model, the necessary measurement instrument has been developed with its reliability and validity empirically tested. The psychometric properties of the measurement instrument have been investigated using both a classical approach (based on Cronbach’s alpha and exploratory factor analysis) and a contemporary approach (based on structural equation modeling techniques), as a way of methods triangulation for validating instrument properties. The resulting instrument represents a rigorously developed and validated instrument for the measurement of various important trust related constructs. This research contributes to the development of trust theory in e-commerce and add to the repository of rigorous research instruments for IS survey researchers to use.