Forest fires pose imminent threats to ecosystems and human lives, necessitating precise prediction for effective mitigation. The challenges include managing extensive big data and addressing data imbalance. This study introduces a data integration framework that integrates data from remote sensing satellites, ground-based weather stations, and other sources to create a comprehensive weather database spanning 18 years in Alberta, Canada. Machine learning methods, including Random Forest, eXtreme Gradient Boosting, and Multi-Layer Perceptron are employed to evaluate forest fire prediction performance, overcoming the challenge of data imbalance through changes in spatial resolution, spatio-subsamping, and downsampling techniques. XGBoost exhibits results with an ROC-AUC score of 87.2% and a sensitivity of 75%.Using meteorological data and fire history improves prediction, demonstrating big data and machine learning’s role in addressing forest fire challenges.

In this study, the Transportation Safety Board’s (TSB) Findings data was analyzed to assist Transport Canada Civil Aviation (TCCA) in better informing safety policy decision-making. As the TSB Findings data was unstructured, various methods to categorize and analyze unstructured data were explored in the existing literature. It was found that Knowledge Graphs (KGs), in combination with Deep Learning and Natural Language Processing (NLP) models, such as Neuralcoref and REBEL, were versatile and adaptable to different data needs, which could provide insights into the analysis of the TSB data. This paper first emulated and validated the KG pipeline using the BBC News dataset and then applied the KG pipeline technique to the unstructured TSB Findings Reports data consisting of 4,121 rows, each containing text for an incident or accident. The results showed that the model detected an average of 1.03 entities per row of the data and a total of 5,484 relationships or 1.33 relationships per row. Further, the top-four relationships in the graph database structure obtained from Neo4j accounted for 50% of all relations, though not all relations were found to be valuable. However, a few less-frequent relations were also found to be valuable due to their ability to capture critical components of aviation safety. The results of this data pipeline can be used for further analysis and categorization of TSB’s Findings data to improve aviation safety.

The impact of the pandemic on the airline industry has been severe. Various factors such as lockdowns, travel bans, travel restrictions and passenger footfall led to changes in the airfare. This is not limited to a few years of the pandemic as there is a possibility of a similar situation recurring in the future. To address this situation and to assess future possibilities, this paper is an attempt to apply multi-agent simulation and modeling on airfare in pandemic conditions. The objective of this paper is to develop a multi-agent model for airfare during the pandemic. We also ran simulation on the developed model based on the pandemic information available from news articles. The proposed multi-agent model has long-term utility and can be used by the airline industry, the travelers, the governments, academia, and research organizations.

In this paper, we propose a practical implementation of a location identification approach. In this approach, only the basic assumptions that are realistic in most types of ad hoc/sensor networks are required, which means that this system is implementable in most kinds of ad hoc/sensor networks. By introducing the idea of cell-based location identification method into the system, some drawbacks to the TDOA (time difference of arrival) system are resolved. More importantly, by employing the new theory, the location estimation accuracy of the proposed system is improved without costing extra resources. Finally, simulations show that the proposed Hybrid TDOA (HTDOA) location estimation system performs better in different environments compared with the current TDOA method.