Multidimensional optical imaging systems for information processing and visualization technologies have numerous applications in fields such as manufacturing, medical sciences, entertainment, robotics, surveillance, and defense. Among different three-dimensional (3-D) imaging methods, integral imaging is a promising multiperspective sensing and display technique. Compared with other 3-D imaging techniques, integral imaging can capture a scene using an incoherent light source and generate real 3-D images for observation without any special viewing devices. This review paper describes passive multidimensional imaging systems combined with different integral imaging configurations. One example is the integral-imaging-based multidimensional optical sensing and imaging systems (MOSIS), which can be used for 3-D visualization, seeing through obscurations, material inspection, and object recognition from microscales to long range imaging. This system utilizes many degrees of freedom such as time and space multiplexing, depth information, polarimetric, temporal, photon flux and multispectral information based on integral imaging to record and reconstruct the multidimensionally integrated scene. Image fusion may be used to integrate the multidimensional images obtained by polarimetric sensors, multispectral cameras, and various multiplexing techniques. The multidimensional images contain substantially more information compared with two-dimensional (2-D) images or conventional 3-D images. In addition, we present recent progress and applications of 3-D integral imaging including human gesture recognition in the time domain, depth estimation, mid-wave-infrared photon counting, 3-D polarimetric imaging for object shape and material identification, dynamic integral imaging implemented with liquid-crystal devices, and 3-D endoscopy for healthcare applications.

This paper investigated the potential of the real-time implementation in single image super resolution using edge directed unsharp masking sharpening (EDUMS) method. To achieve efficient real-time implementation with unsharp masking sharpening, the resolution enhancement process needed only simply filtering operations without iterations. Also, with edge directed information as the prior of the unsharp masking sharpening method, the jaggy artifact was efficiently suppressed. Clear edge structures and vivid details of high resolution images with minimum artifacts were presented by the proposed method.

A camera free 3D interactive system for multi-user/multi-touch was proposed. By embedding the optical sensors in display pixels, the flat panel can sense images projected by infrared(IR) light. A light pen which can project T-mark IR image was utilized to determine the 5-axis (x, y, z, θ, φ) information of the user. Additionally, multiple T-marks with sequentially illuminating method can further identify multi-users even the marks are overlapped. Therefore, a 3-dimensional virtual touch display for 5-axis information with multi-user system can be achieved.