Artificial intelligence is evolving with various algorithms such as deep neural network (DNN), Transformer, recommendation system (RecSys) and graph convolutional network (GCN). Correspondingly, multiply-accumulate (MAC) and content search are two main operations, which can be efficiently executed on the emerging computing-in-memory (CIM) and content-addressable-memory (CAM) paradigms. Recently, the emerging Indium-Gallium-Zine-Oxide (IGZO) transistor becomes a promising candidate for both CIM/CAM circuits, featuring ultra-low leakage with >300s data retention time and high-density BEOL fabrication. This paper proposes IG-CRM, the first IGZO-based circuits and architecture design for Reconfigurable CIM/CAM applications. The main contributions include: 1) at cell level, propose IGZO-based 3T0C/4T0C cell design that enables both CIM and CAM functionalities while matching IGZO/CMOS voltage; 2) at circuit level, utilize the BEOL IGZO transistor to reduce digital adder tree area in CIM circuits; 3) at architecture level, propose a reconfigurable CIM/CAM architecture with four macro structures based on 3T0C/4T0C cells. The proposed IG-CRM architecture shows high area/energy efficiency on various applications including DNN, Transformer, RecSys and GCN. Experiment results show that IG-CRM achieves 8.09X area saving compared with the SRAM-based non-reconfigurable CIM/CAM baseline, and 1.53×103X/51.9X speedup and 1.63×104X/7.62×103X energy efficiency improvement compared with CPU and GPU on average.

In this paper, we propose a camera-based system combining video motion detection, motion estimation, and texture analysis with machine learning for sleep analysis. The system is robust to time-varying illumination conditions while using standard camera and infrared illumination hardware. We tested the system for periodic limb movement (PLM) detection during sleep, using EMG signals as a reference. We evaluated the motion detection performance both per frame and with respect to movement event classification relevant for PLM detection. The Matthews correlation coefficient improved by a factor of 2, compared to a state-of-the-art motion detection method, while sensitivity and specificity increased with 45% and 15%, respectively. Movement event classification improved by a factor of 6 and 3 in constant and highly varying lighting conditions, respectively. On 11 PLM patient test sequences, the proposed system achieved a 100% accurate PLM index (PLMI) score with a slight temporal misalignment of the starting time (<1 s) regarding one movement. We conclude that camera-based PLM detection during sleep is feasible and can give an indication of the PLMI score.