Unsupervised techniques like clustering may be used for fault prediction in software modules, more so in those cases where fault labels are not available. In this paper a Quad Tree-based K-Means algorithm has been applied for predicting faults in program modules. The aims of this paper are twofold. First, Quad Trees are applied for finding the initial cluster centers to be input to the A'-Means Algorithm. An input threshold parameter δ governs the number of initial cluster centers and by varying δ the user can generate desired initial cluster centers. The concept of clustering gain has been used to determine the quality of clusters for evaluation of the Quad Tree-based initialization algorithm as compared to other initialization techniques. The clusters obtained by Quad Tree-based algorithm were found to have maximum gain values. Second, the Quad Tree- based algorithm is applied for predicting faults in program modules. The overall error rates of this prediction approach are compared to other existing algorithms and are found to be better in most of the cases.

The pervasive impact of software in systems design as well as its changing character presents immense challenges for the education of software engineers. In the twenty first century, software engineers face the challenges of rapid change and uncertainty along with dependability and diversity. This paper presents the results of a study conducted to assess the pair programmers' as well as individual programmers' ability and eagerness to begin with early testing while writing programs or developing semester projects.