Private deployments of 4G and 5G networks in industrial environments are beneficial from various aspects. Private 4G/5G networks typically face the challenge of supporting heterogeneous industrial applications. This technology demonstration highlights the importance of network slicing in private 4G/5G networks. It shows that network slicing is crucial for performance guarantees in multiservice co-existence scenarios. With network slicing, our private 4G/5G network successfully supports closed-loop control, event-driven control and video streaming applications.

Low delay and high reliability of safety broadcast messages are critical to future intelligent transport systems (ITS). The main objective of this paper is to propose a novel safety broadcast system model to satisfy the latency and reliability requirements of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) applications. Second, using this proposed model, a comprehensive performance evaluation is conducted under different technologies (cellular and IEEE 802.11p) for different vehicle densities in rural and urban scenarios based on a realistic system-level simulator. The performance is further improved by using application layer raptor Q codes as compared to the standard repetition codes proposed in the literature. Results show a coverage improvement of 144 m (rural) and 45 m (urban) using cellular V2V with raptor Q codes as compared to IEEE 802.11p for a target end-to-end delay of 5 ms. This is because IEEE 802.11p suffers from preamble channel estimation especially in urban areas with high collision rate due to the hidden terminal problems. In case of a traffic jam, with higher vehicle density, full duplex (FD) operation is needed for cellular V2V to achieve the target delay. FD operation satisfies the latency requirements even when half the resources are available for V2V transmissions.

One of the key challenges in realizing ultra-reliable low-latency communications (uRLLC) for factories-of-the-future (FoF) applications is to enhance the cellular random access channel (RACH) procedure. The state-of-the-art LTE RACH procedure does not fulfil the latency requirements for envisioned FoF applications. Moreover, it becomes challenging due to congestion and overloading from massive machine type communication (mMTC) devices leading to collisions especially in a densely populated factory scenarios. The main objective of this paper is to conduct a comprehensive performance evaluation of different random access (RA) enhancements for uRLLC over 5G wireless networks. Our performance evaluation is based on a realistic system-level simulator. The core enhancements considered in this work include early data transmission (EDT), reserved preambles and the use of flexible physical (PHY) layer numerology. We also propose three new RA enhancements for uRLLC. Performance evaluation demonstrates that the proposed RA enhancements can fulfil the 3GPP control plane target of less than 10 ms latency with 99.99% reliability in factory environments.

Low delay, high reliability and fast exchange of safety broadcast messages are critical to future Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) systems. This paper presents a cross layer analysis based on Raptor Q codes for transmitting emergency DENM (Decentralized Environmental Notification Message) messages with interference from other vehicles transmitting periodic CAM (Cooperative Awareness message) safety messages. The performance is compared for Cellular Vehicle to Vehicle (C-V2V) Communications and IEEE 802.11p technologies in a realistic highway environment. The end-to-end delay and Packet Reception Ratio (PRR) are used as the performance metrics to demonstrate the latency and reliability problems of standard repetition codes that are addressed using raptor Q codes. Coverage improvements of up to 240m is seen by using C-V2V with raptor Q codes for higher density of vehicles as compared to standard IEEE 802.11p/WAVE with repetition codes. IEEE 802.11p suffers from preamble channel estimation which effects the reliability.

To improve reliability in vehicular communications Application Layer Forward Error Correction (AL-FEC) based on Raptor codes is explored for multimedia broadcast. This paper considers a novel cross-layer simulator based on the latest RaptorQ codes for transmitting high data rate video and investigates packet recovery for cooperative mobile devices and vehicle receiver. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) channels in a realistic outdoor environment for a user moving at 50kmph in an LTE-A system are considered. Results show that transmission efficiency and reliability can be significantly improved when Systematic RaptorQ Codes with user cooperation is employed. Enhanced throughput and improved outage along the route were also achieved.

Application Layer Forward Error Correction (AL-FEC) based on Raptor codes has been employed in Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services (MBMS) to improve reliability. This paper considers a cross-layer system based on the latest Raptor Q codes for transmitting high data rate video. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) channels in a realistic outdoor environment for a user moving at 50kmph in an LTE-A system is considered. A link adaptation model with optimized cross-layer parameters is proposed under different channel conditions and quality of service requirements. The system investigates throughput performance for Spatial Time Block Coding (STBC) and Spatial Multiplexing (SM) MIMO with and without raptor codes. Improvements of up to 4dB SNR are seen by using raptor codes with SM depending upon the channel conditions and chosen Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS). Results also show that at low SNR and low spatial correlation, the performance of AL-FEC with SM is better than STBC even when the user is moving at high speeds.

This paper considers infrastructure to vehicle communications using Advanced-LTE. The paper compares the downlink throughput performance experienced by mobile users in an urban-macro-cell in cases of 2D and 3D channel models, where the impact of the 3D component on MIMO performance is investigated. Recently there has been strong interest in extending the MIMO processing from the azimuth dimension to include the elevation plane. Therefore, a 3D channel model is required in the evaluation of elevation MIMO performance. Bit level simulation is performed for the downlink physical shared channel (PDSCH) in LTE-A operating at 2.6GHz. Results indicate the accuracy of the 3D channel model and implies correct estimation of the 3D channel. The difference in the small scale parameters for the SISO case and the lower spatial correlation parameters for the MIMO case result in higher predicted capacity for the 3D channel model. The study has been carried out for different mobility speeds, packet sizes and MCSs modes.