Widespread adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is substantially affecting the human condition in ways that are not yet well understood. Negative unintended consequences abound including the perpetuation and exacerbation of societal inequalities and divisions via algorithmic decision making. We present six grand challenges for the scientific community to create AI technologies that are human-centered, that is, ethical, fair, and enhance the human condition. These grand challenges are the result of an international collaboration across academia, industry and government and represent the consensus views of a group of 26 experts in the field of human-centered artificial intelligence (HCAI). In essence, these challenges advocate for a human-centered approach to AI that (1) is centered in human well-being, (2) is designed responsibly, (3) respects privacy, (4) follows human-centered design principles, (5) is subject to appropriate governance and oversight, and (6) interacts with individuals while respecting human’s cognitive capacities. We hope that these challenges and their associated research directions serve as a call for action to conduct research and development in AI that serves as a force multiplier towards more fair, equitable and sustainable societies.

Artificial intelligence (AI) enabled products and services are becoming a staple of everyday life. While governments and businesses are eager to enjoy the benefits of AI innovations, the mixed impact of these autonomous and intelligent systems on human well-being has become a pressing issue. The purpose of this article is to review one of the first international standards focused on the social and ethical implications of AI: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering's (IEEE) Standard (Std) 7010-2020 Recommended Practice for Assessing the Impact of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems on Human Well-being. Incorporating well-being factors throughout the lifecycle of AI is both challenging and urgent and IEEE 7010 aims to provide guidance for those who design, deploy, and procure these technologies. Before introducing IEEE 7010, we consider possible benefits of an approach for AI centered around well-being and the measurement of well-being data. Next, we critically examine how the standard relates to approaches and perspectives in place in the AI community. Finally, we indicate where future efforts are needed for IEEE 7010 to better achieve its ambitions.

Codes of ethics provide a critical foundation for an organization to define the tenets that best reflect their values. These codes provide a touchstone for employees to follow that establishes trust between an organization and their customers and key stakeholders. The rapid acceleration of autonomous and intelligent systems (A/IS) has created an imperative for technologists to complement these codes with new methodologies focused on the widespread implementation of ethical considerations in all levels of design and manufacture. This paper describes IEEE's work in this arena, including the IEEE Global Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems, the IEEE TechEthics program, the IEEE P7000 Standards Series focused on A/IS issues, Digital Inclusion through Trust and Agency, and the ongoing work of the IEEE Society on Social Implications of Technology. This paper also includes a table of approximately 50 activities within the IEEE related to ethics.