In this article, we present an automatic pose generation approach for robotic 3-D scanning systems designed for the reverse engineering of mechanical parts. 3-D scanning of an object is usually a highly complicated process that involves aligning multiple measurements from different viewpoints, fusing the merged data, and finally reconstructing the underlying surface. The reconstruction is often performed in isolation to the acquisition step. In contrast, the measured data often exhibit holes owing to limited viewpoints or noises in measurements, which can be observed after the postprocessing. Previous approaches either use the predefined scan paths without knowledge of the actual surface, or calculate the scan path based on the approximated smooth surface enclosing the incomplete scanned measurement. The need for an accurate 3-D scanning of mechanical parts often arises for reverse engineering purposes, as their shape often exhibits sharp corners or continuous shape of primitives (planes, cylinders, etc.), which the existing pipelines do not consider. We suggest a 3-D scan pipeline specifically designed to generate optimal scan paths of mechanical parts from incomplete data with limited fields of view. Our pipeline detects primitives from the scanned partial data, and utilizes the detection to approximate the underlying shape of the ground truth object; thus, it suggests the next-best-view of the scanner from the scarce measurements. In this regard, the suggested method is the first working pipeline specifically designed for scanning mechanical parts; furthermore, it outperforms previous approaches in terms of an efficient scan path generation.

Abstract The development of ocean floating wind power has been burgeoning in recent years because of its low cost and high efficiency. To facilitate effectiveness, 3D visualization using virtual reality and augmented reality technologies has been applied to many operating systems. However, most of the existing 3D motion visualizations are “pseudo” visualization, and there are a few realistic visualization systems that base the motion of ocean floating wind power on simulation and experiment results. Therefore, in this paper, we conducted research related to the design for a realistic motion visualization system based on numerical simulation data using a commercial game engine (Unity 3D). In our system, the six‐degree‐of‐freedom motion (Surge, Sway, Heave, Roll, Pitch, and Yaw) is simulated and visualized based on numerical analysis results of two hydrodynamics simulation softwares, which can illuminate the nuance between simulation results and experiment results and give us a “real‐time” visual experience about motion in each direction. Meanwhile, comprehensive sea environment conditions, such as wind, rain, water, sound, and cloudiness, are also visualized in Unity 3D.

This study proposes a 3D CAD system available on smart devices, which are now a part of everyday life and which are widely applied in various domains, such as education and robot industry. If an engineer has a new idea while traveling or on the move, or in the case of collaboration between more than two engineers, this 3D CAD system allows modeling to be performed in a rapid and simple manner on a smart device. This 3D CAD system uses the common multi-touch gestures associated with smart devices to keep the modeling operations simple and easy for users. However, it is difficult to input the precise geometric information to generate 3D CAD models by such gestures. It is also impractical to provide a full set of modeling operations on a smart device due to hardware limitations. For this reason, the system excludes several complicated modeling operations. This work provides a scheme to regenerate a parametric 3D model on a PC-based CAD system via a macro-parametrics approach by transferring the 3D model created on a smart device in an editable form to a PC-based CAD system. If fine editing is needed, the user can perform additional work on a PC after reconstruction. Through the developed system, it is possible to produce a 3D editable model swiftly and simply in the smart device environment, allowing for reduced design time while also facilitating collaboration. This paper discusses the first-ever system design of a 3D CAD system on a smart device, the selection of the modeling operations, the assignment of gestures to these operations, and use of operation modes. This is followed by an introduction of the implementation methods, and finally a demonstration of case studies using a prototype system with examples.

3D city model, which consisted of the 3D building models and their geospatial position and orientation, is becoming a valuable resource in virtual reality, navigation systems, civil engineering, etc. The purpose of this research is to propose the new framework to generate the 3D city model that satisfies visual and physical requirements in ground oriented simulation system. At the same time, the framework should meet the demand of the automatic creation and cost-effectiveness, which facilitates the usability of the proposed approach. To do that, I suggest the framework that leverages the mobile mapping system which automatically gathers high resolution images and supplement sensor information like position and direction of the image. And to resolve the problem from the sensor noise and a large number of the occlusions, the fusion of digital map data will be used. This paper describes the overall framework with major process and the recommended or demanded techniques for each processing step.

Web services for CAD (WSC) aims at interoperation with a commercial CAD system based on Web services. This paper introduces one improvement of WSC which enables remote users to retrieve assembly model data using Web services. Much time is required in retrieving assembly model data. To resolve this problem, this paper proposes to use the parallel Web services. As assembly model comprises a set of part models, it is easy to subdivide the problem into smaller sub-problems. In addition, Web services inherently support distributed computing. This characteristic makes the parallel processing of Web services possible. The data model, interface and implementation are shown. Results of experiments on the retrieval performance of assembly model data are also shown.

Product data management (PDM) is a popular topic for concurrent engineering to manage and access to product data in a company. There are commercial PDM softwares and companies use different PDM systems which are most suitable for their needs. For collaboration with their suppliers, companies need to interface their PDM systems with PDM systems of their suppliers. It will result faster product information flow between OEM and its suppliers. This study proposes to integrate 2 different PDM systems by PLM services, which is based on Web services. PLM services enables the data exchange through the Internet

In the ontology-based approaches for automated information integration, the problem of aligning or merging different ontologies is well-known. Ontologies which are developed independently have semantic mismatches that hinder the ontology integration. In this paper, we propose a well-founded ontology modeling framework for components libraries based on Guarino's theory of upper ontology. Using the framework, ontology developers can model the knowledge of components libraries systematically and consistently, so that the mismatches are confined within a manageable form which a software program can solve automatically. We also discuss an experimental application of our proposal to a real case of mold and die components libraries.

Virtual reality simulators have been developed as tools for the transfer of knowledge and education. Concurrently, the demand for exhibition systems of science education and cultural experiences has also increased. Existing VR (virtual reality) simulators, which are based on the calculation of dynamics equations, cannot easily be adapted to changes in simulation content. In order to transfer knowledge and maintain interest through educational applications, an experiential system that has multi-sensory effects as well as motion effects is needed. The authors proposed a method for motion generation that is tailored to riding systems and multi-sensory VR effects. In this study, both sense of motion, which is generated from movement of the viewpoint of the visual image, and motion effects, which are prepared in advance, are blended to realize motion simulation by the proposed method. Motion effects can easily be added by interaction between the user and the riding system. Various sensory cues are also implemented to the riding system

The structural model for midship section is within the scope of STEP AP218. It supports to represent the ship structural models, but shipyards and classification societies exchange the information via 2D drawings. To convert the 2D information into the ship structure models of STEP AP218, we analyze the 2D midship section information of KR-TRAS of Korean Register of Shipping, and add the transverse members information. We also define the mapping table with mapping relationships between two data structures. With this mapping table we develop the translator for midship section. We visualize the translated 3D ship structure model using a STEP viewer. The ship structural model can be shared between different design departments, and used for the life cycle through design, analysis, and maintenance.

This paper presents the KAIST interactive bicycle racing simulator system, which consists of a pair of bicycle simulators. The rider on the racing simulator experiences realistic sensations of motion, while being able to see the other bicycle simulator and having the audio-visual experience of riding in a velodrome or on the KAIST campus. The 2nd bicycle of the racing simulator system consists of a bicycle, a 4-DOF platform, a handlebar and a pedal resistance system to generate motion feelings; a real-time visual simulator a HMD and beam projection system; and a 3D sound system. The system has an integrating control network with an AOIM (Area Of Interest Management) based network structure for multiple simulators.