This research addresses two issues in the domain of computer training (1) whether learners are able to use exploration-based practice methods effectively to learn to use software and (2) whether some minimal computing background is necessary to be successful with minimalist training and exploration practice. An empirical study was carried out to compare exploration, exercises, and a combined format consisting of an exercise followed by exploration. Subjects of both high and low computer experience were included in the study. It was thought that the combined format might lead to superior training outcomes because it would both structure learning through an exercise and allow learners to go beyond the simple procedures in the training manual through exploration. The results showed that the performance of the low-experience subjects at test did not differ based on the type of practice. However, high-experience subjects who were trained using exercises or the combined format did significantly better than those trained using exploration alone. The similarity of performance of subjects in the exercise and combined practice conditions suggests that the exercise component of the practice explains their success.

An empirical study was carried out comparing three kinds of hands-on practice in training users of a software package; exercises, guided-exploration, and a combination of exercises and guided-exploration.Moderate to high experience computer users were trained.Subjects who were trained with exercises or the combined approach did significantly better in both time and errors than those trained using guidedexploration.There were no significant differences between the exercise and the combined approach groups.Thus, it appears that the better performance of these groups can be attributed to the exercise component of their practice.