The Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol is a fundamental building block for ensuring security on Internet. It provides an easy to use framework for the purposes of establishing an authenticated and secure channel between two parties that have never physically met. Nevertheless, TLS only provides a simple cryptographic functionality compared to more advanced protocols such as protocols for secure multiparty computation (MPC).

With over 1.6 billion debit and credit cards in use worldwide, the EMV system (a.k.a. "Chip-and-PIN") has become one of the most important deployed cryptographic protocol suites. Recently, the EMV consortium has decided to upgrade the existing RSA based system with a new system relying on Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC). One of the central components of the new system is a protocol that enables a card to establish a secure channel with a card reader. In this paper we provide a security analysis of the proposed protocol, we propose minor changes/clarifications to the "Request for Comments" issued in Nov 2012, and demonstrate that the resulting protocol meets the intended security goals.

This paper presents a variety of plaintext-recovering attacks against SSH. We implemented a proof of concept of our attacks against OpenSSH, where we can verifiably recover 14 bits of plaintext from an arbitrary block of ciphertext with probability $2^{-14}$ and 32 bits of plaintext from an arbitrary block of ciphertext with probability $2^{-18}$. These attacks assume the default configuration of a 128-bit block cipher operating in CBC mode. The paper explains why a combination of flaws in the basic design of SSH leads implementations such as OpenSSH to be open to our attacks, why current provable security results for SSH do not cover our attacks, and how the attacks can be prevented in practice.