This tutorial gives an overview of state-of-the-art design pattern approaches, focusing on those that support the development of frameworks. The tutorial also introduces so called hot-spot cards. These cards proved to be a useful communications vehicle between domain experts and software engineers in order to exploit the potential of design patterns. Hot-spot cards help in the early development phases to capture those system aspects that have to be kept flexible. Case studies based on Java illustrate how to apply design patterns together with hot-spot cards in various commercial application domains.

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This paper deals with human-computer interaction in several ways. On the one hand it presents the roots of interactive, graphic user interfaces and how such interfaces are implemented on the abstraction level of programming languages: The construction of graphic, direct-manipulation interfaces with conventional programming techniques is compared with an object-oriented approach based on powerful class libraries (called user interface application frameworks). Although application frameworks substantially ease the building of highly interactive applications the abstraction level is considered to be too low to support prototyping such interfaces in a comfortable way. Hence we portray DICE1 (Dynamic Interface Creation Environment), a tool for prototyping graphic user interfaces implemented itself in an object-oriented manner. In particular this paper discusses the question of how dynamic behavior can be added to a user interface prototype. It also presents a useful and powerful way to combine conventionally developed and object-oriented software systems.